非谓语动词不定式__新课标_人教版.ppt

非谓语动词 ;（一）动词不定式构成形式 ;（二）。在句中的功能：主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语;2.作宾语 语1).He offered to go with us. (作及物动词的宾语) 2).I don’t know what to do. （在tell, know, show, understand, explain, teach, learn, discuss等词后常用疑问词(what, who, when, where, how…) +to do 的形势作宾语）;3).They found it impossible to get everything ready in advance. (当不定式作宾语而又带有补语时，这时要用it作形势宾语) 4). We could do nothing but wait. / We have no choice but to wait (若介词but之前有实意动词do的任何一种形式，but后用不带to的不定式，否则，则用带to的不定式);3.作补语 watch, see ,observe listen to, hear, feel, make, let, have, would rather + V.原形，但在被动语态里面，则要加上to ) I often hear him sing this song ;4.作定语 1). I have a question to ask. (作定语修饰a question, 主语I是to ask的动作执行者 ) 2) I’m free now. Do you have something to be washed, Mum? （作定语修饰something,主语you不是to be washed的动作执行者）;3).He is always the first to come and the last to leave. (the only, the best, +to do) 4). Their decision to give up the experiment surprised us （用来修饰一些抽象名词，常见的有ability, chance, answer, way, attempt,等）;5.作状语 1).They will go to the station to meet the guests (目的状语) 2). We are glad to meet you. （原因状语） 3). He returned home, to learn his daughter had just been engaged. 4). He hurried to his office, only to be told that he was dismissed.;*so/ such……….as to do He is such a good teacher as to be loved by all his students. He studied so hard as to be one of the top students in his class. * too……..to do/ ….enough to do He was not old enough to go to school by himself. He was too young to go to school by himself. *I’m (only/all) too pleased to help you.;独立成分及复合结构 1.独立成分相当于状语，常用的有to be frank, to tell you the truth, to be fair, to be honest 等 2.复合结构：即不定式前加上不定式的逻辑主语：for/of sb. to do e.g.:1) He give me his telephone number in order for me to contract him when necessary. 2) I think it wise of him to refuse the invitation.;6.作表语 紧跟在系动词be,seem,remain,appear,get等词之后 例：1)My todays task is to wash up. 2) He seems to be eating something. ※注意(1)： 动词不定式作表语，主动形式表示被动含义的结构有to blame，to let，