08感觉器官（08 sense organs）.docVIP

08感觉器官（08 sense organs） Sensory organs Exam outline requirements The definition and classification of the receptor, the general physical characteristics of the receptor. Visual organ: the refractive function of the eye and its regulation. The photoreceptors in the retina, the dualism of vision and its basis, see the photochemical reaction of the magenta and the photoelectric energy of the rods. Cones and color vision. Visual acuity and vision. Auditory organs: the auditory and auditory fields of the ear, the voice of the outer ear and the middle ear, the phonophony of the cochlea, the analysis of the auditory frequency of the human ear. Vestibular organs and their functions. Essence of exam outline The general physiological characteristics of a receptor Appropriate stimulation: different receptors are the most sensitive to different types of stimuli, and the threshold is the lowest, and this particular form of stimulation is called the appropriate stimulus of the receptor. The proper stimulation of the eye is the electromagnetic wave of the wavelength of 370 ~ 740nm, and the appropriate stimulation of the ear is 16 ~ 20000Hz. Change: the action potential of various forms of stimulation into the incoming nerve fiber. The receptor potential is not an action potential, but a polarization or an overpolarized local potential. For example, the delayed receptor potential of the rod cells is a superpolarized potential. Encoding: the recognition of the feeling type is accomplished by a specific receptor and the cerebral cortex. The properties of sensation are determined by the position of the higher center that is reached by the incoming impulse. Adaptive phenomenon: when the stimulation of a certain intensity is applied to the receptor, the sensory nerve generated by the sensory nerve will decrease with the duration of the stimulus. Adaptation is not fatigue. Adaptation is a feature of all receptors. The function of eyes Refractive imaging and photoreceptor can be done by t