张岱年论文物质利益与道德理想（The material interests and moral ideal of zhang dai-years paper）.docVIP

张岱年论文物质利益与道德理想（The material interests and moral ideal of zhang dai-years paper） Material interests and moral ideals Materialist philosophers affirm the importance of material interests and not value moral ideals. Some people think that materialists dont value moral ideals, but they dont. Historically, materialist philosophers have tended to have lofty moral ideals and to devote themselves to the realization of moral ideals. In theory, materialists, while valuing material interests, will not ignore moral ideals, but instead build lofty moral ideals on a solid foundation of material interests. One, philosophical materialism and lofty moral ideal Engels in the Ludwig feuerbach and the end of the German classical philosophy in the said: there is a bias, think that the center of the philosophical idealism is the moral ideal belief in social ideal, this bias is generated outside the philosophy and... think humans (at least one current) is generally the progress direction of this kind of belief, is with the opposition between materialism and idealism system of irrelevant. French materialists like deist voltaire and Rousseau, almost fanatically with this belief, and often pay the biggest personal sacrifice for it. If, who to zeal of truth and justice (he said the positive meaning of this sentence) and gave the whole life, then, such as diderot is such a person. (1) the materialist pursues lofty ideal enthusiasm, no less than idealist. This is true in the history of western philosophy, as it is in the history of Chinese philosophy. Try to cite several examples from the history of Chinese philosophy. Xunxun is a famous materialist philosopher of the pre-qin period. He is sure that nature has an objective law that does not transfer the will of human beings, and he thinks that the superiority of human beings lies in morality. Xun said, the water and fire are angry, but the grass is not born, the grass is not born and ignorant, the beast is known and unjustified. The man is aliv