考点4钠及其化合物的性质（The properties of sodium and its compounds）.docVIP

考点4钠及其化合物的性质（The properties of sodium and its compounds） The properties of sodium and its compounds 1. Review key points 1. Understanding the chemical properties of sodium from the characteristics of sodium atomic structure; Comparison and comparison; Atomic structure and physical properties of alkali metals 2. Analysis of experimental phenomena and chemical properties of sodium; To identify and divide and divide 2. Difficulty focusing One. The properties of sodium (1) the physical properties of sodium and the reaction of sodium to water The newly cut section of sodium is bright silver and white, which reacts with oxygen, but the products are more complex, such as sodium oxide (Na2O) and sodium peroxide (Na2O2). Sodium metal to react with water to produce the hydrogen experiment, the thumb tube mouths are backwards into the beaker, such operations for students, not good at may make part of the air into the tube. So before the formal gathering gas experiment, teachers can arrange students to practice several times in the operation of the tube. It is still difficult, if the operation is available with a tube mouth size suitable rubber tube mouth, into the water and then pull the rubber plug. This experiment can also use the sink instead of a beaker, the diameter is bigger, so it is easy to operate. Pay attention to the sodium cant access the larger piece during the test. This is because the properties of sodium is very active, it gives off a lot of heat when reaction with water, even make the surrounding water boiling, so also with water vapor reaction of sodium. If swim on the surface of the sodium were sticking to the walls of the vessel where oil, cant swim, emit heat diffusion not easily, can make the burning hydrogen, even small explosion happens, generated by sodium hydroxide splash out. (2) the reaction of sodium and oxygen When doing the experiment of sodium react with oxygen, to ensure the tilt of the air circulation, to glass tube cant be too thin, and loade