第二章 气体动理论（The second chapter is the aerodynamic theory）.docVIP

第二章 气体动理论（The second chapter is the aerodynamic theory） Therefore, the internal energy of an ideal gas is the sum of the kinetic energies of the irregular thermal motion of all molecules and the vibrational potentials between atoms in the molecule. Therefore, the internal energy of the ideal gas with mass of M molar mass as U is For the ideal gas composed of rigid molecules, due to s=0, so The internal energy of a thermodynamic system is a single value function of temperature and volume, while an ideal gas is only a single value function of the temperature. 5. Maxwell Rate Distribution Law In the equilibrium state, n indicates the total molecule number of a certain amount of gas, and the DN indicates the molecular number of the rate distribution in the V-V+DV rate interval, then the rate distribution function f (v) is defined as Or The physical meaning of F (v) is the percentage of the molecule in the unit rate range near the rate V in the equilibrium state. At the temperature of T-equilibrium, the percentage of molecular number of molecule in the V-V+DV rate range is The Maxwell rate distribution function is called Maxwells rate distribution law. Maxwells velocity distribution is the statistic law of gas molecule velocity distribution, which is suitable for the equilibrium state of ideal gas in no external force field. Maxwells rate distribution function f (v) satisfies the normalized condition that The physical meaning is: the molecular number of the gas molecule rate in the rate range is 1, that is 100%. The most predictable rate: the rate corresponding to the F (v) Maxima is called the most predictable rate, that is, The physical meaning is: at a certain temperature, if the entire rate range fraction of many equal to the community, then the rate of the molecule in the gas molecules near the VP of the number of molecules accounted for the largest percentage of the total molecular number. But it must not be said that the rate of VP is the largest percentage of the