职业大学英语.pptVIP

书名：汽车专业英语 ISBN： 978-7-111-42342-3 作者：卢晓春 出版社：机械工业出版社 本书配有电子课件; ;Paragraph;Intake Stroke The intake stroke of a four-stroke engine begins with the piston at top dead center(TDC)．The starter causes the crankshaft to rotate in a clockwise direction（Fig. 2-3）． The crankshaft，through the connecting rod，forces the piston to move downward．This downward movement of the piston creates a vacuum，a difference in pressure，in the space above the piston．The engine manufacturer times the intake valve action so that it opens automatically at or slightly before the piston starts down．Therefore, a mixture of gasoline and air，pushed by the atmospheric pressure outside the engine, rushes through the intake manifold and into the engine cylinder．At the same time, the exhaust valve remains closed during this downward stroke of the piston. This valve closure prevents the entering air／fuel charge from escaping through the exhaust port. After the piston reaches the bottom of its first stroke, the cylinder is practically full of an air／fuel charge．The drawing of an air／fuel charge into the cylinder in this manner，during the downward movement of the piston，constitutes the intake stroke of the piston． ;Compression Stroke After the piston reaches bottom dead center(BDC)，it moves upward again as the starter continues to turn the crankshaft in a clockwise direction．As the piston is beginning to move upward，the intake valve closes，and the exhaust valve remains closed．Since both valves are closed，the piston compresses the air／fuel mixture in the small space between the top of the piston and the cylinder head．As the piston reaches TDC again during its upward travel，the compression stroke of the piston is over．The air／fuel charge is now under compression so that it will produce a great deal of power when the spark plug ignites it． ;Power Stroke Just as or slightly before the piston reaches TDC on the compression stroke with the air／fuel mixture fully compressed，a timed electrical spark appe