急性白血病acute leukemia是血液系统中的一种恶性疾病或称为血癌.docVIP

急性白血病Acute Leukemia是血液系统中的一种恶性疾病或称为血癌。在骨髓和其他造血组织中任何一系列白细胞广泛的异常增生，并向全身各组织、脏器浸润。破坏。在外周血液中的白细胞有质和量的改变，白细胞增多或减少，并伴有幼稚细胞增多。由于异常白细胞增生而影响造血组织的正常造血。临床常有贫血、发热、出血及肝、脾、淋巴结肿大等。Acute Leukemia Acute leukemia is a malignant blood system disease or known as leukemia. In the bone marrow and other hematopoietic any number of white blood cells proliferate abnormally wide, and to the whole body tissue, organ infiltration. Damage. White blood cells in the peripheral blood qualitative and quantitative changes in white blood cell increase or decrease, accompanied by immature cells increased. As the proliferation of abnormal white blood cells affecting the hematopoietic tissue of normal hematopoiesis. Often clinical anemia, fever, bleeding and liver, spleen, lymph node enlargement. ? 骨髓象：呈明显增生至极度活跃，原始和早幼细胞可高达 50％～90％，超过 30％即可诊断。此外，红细胞通常减少。 由于大量白细胞破坏、分解，可引起尿和血清中尿酸浓度增高 Bone marrow: hyperplasia was evident to the extremely active, original and early immature cells can be as high as 50% to 90%, more than 30% can be diagnosed. In addition, the red blood cells is usually reduced. Since a large number of white blood cell destruction, decomposition, can cause urine and elevated serum uric acid concentration ? 1．血象2．骨髓象3．细胞化学染色?4．免疫学检查5．染色体和基因测定??白血病常伴有特异的染色体和基因改变。如M3常伴有t(15；17)改变，某些急性白血病可有N—ras癌基因点突变、活化，抑癌基因P53、RB失活。1. Blood 2. Bone marrow 3. Staining4. Immunological tests5. Determination of chromosome and geneLeukemia is often accompanied by specific changes in chromosomes and genes. AsM3 is often accompanied by t (15; 17) to change, some have N-acute leukemiaras oncogene point mutations, activation, tumor suppressor gene P53, RB inactivation. ? ? 化疗可分为缓解诱导和维持治疗两个阶段，其间可增加强化治疗、巩固治疗和中枢神经预防治疗等。缓解诱导是大剂量多种药物联用的强烈化疗，以求迅速大量杀伤白血病细胞，控制病情，达到完全缓解，为以后的治疗打好基础。Chemotherapy can be divided into remission induction and maintenance therapy in two stages, during which intensive treatment increases, consolidation and central nervous system preventive therapy. Remission induction of a large dose of strong mult