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brain mechanisms in early language acquisition(大脑在早期的语言习得机制).pdf

brain mechanisms in early language acquisition(大脑在早期的语言习得机制).pdf

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brain mechanisms in early language acquisition(大脑在早期的语言习得机制)

Neuron Review Brain Mechanisms in Early Language Acquisition Patricia K. Kuhl1,* 1Institute for Learning Brain Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA *Correspondence: pkkuhl@u.washington.edu DOI 10.1016/j.neuron.2010.08.038 The last decade has produced an explosion in neuroscience research examining young children’s early pro- cessing of language. Noninvasive, safe functional brain measurements have now been proven feasible for use with children starting at birth. The phonetic level of language is especially accessible to experimental studies that document the innate state and the effect of learning on the brain. The neural signatures of learning at the phonetic level can be documented at a remarkably early point in development. Continuity in linguistic development from infants’ earliest brain responses to phonetic stimuli is reflected in their language and prereading abilities in the second, third, and fifth year of life, a finding with theoretical and clinical impact. There is evidence that early mastery of the phonetic units of language requires learning in a social context. Neuroscience on early language learning is beginning to reveal the multiple brain systems that underlie the human language faculty. Introduction a golden age with regard to the developmental neuroscience Neural and behavioral research studies show that exposure to of language in humans. language in the first year of life influences the brain’s neural circuitry even before infants speak their first words. What do Windows to the Young Brain we know of the neural architecture underlying infants’ remark- The last decade has produced rapid advances in noninvasive able capacity for language and the role of experience in shaping techniques that examine language processing in young chil- that neural circ

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