Speed Control and Governors 速度控制和调速器.pptVIP

Speed Control and Governors;vocabulary;vocabulary;At decreasing load,the speed tends to rise,and the governor has to close the wicket gates to such an extent that the torque created by the turbine equals the torque offered by the electrical load on the generator and the speed return to the desired synchronous speed. ; The governor system of the turbine acts as an opening，closing，and gate-setting mechanism for starting, stopping , and synchronizing the turbine which allows for matching output to the system load to maintain the system frequency and creates the necessary adjustment on Kaplan turbine blade angles for optimum operation at synchronous speed.;In a Kaplan turbine, the propeller blades are controlled by a separate servomotor with a series of cams or a microprocessor to maintain a position relative to the head and gate position.;The amount of deviation of speed will depend on (1) the time required to alter the flow of the hydraulic oil in the governor system to correspond with action necessitated by the change in load(2) the amount of flywheel effect of the entire rotating mass of the turbine and generator ,and (3) the time required for the water flow to respond to action caused by the change in the turbine operating point.;转速偏移量依赖于（1）调速器系统响应负荷变化调节液压油流量的时间 （2）水轮机和发电机总转动惯量的飞轮效应的大小 （3）水轮机运行工况改变导致水流量变化的时间。;The isochronous governor is inherently unstable, and although some stabilization result from the characteristics of the turbine and connected load, these are generally inadequate and an additional means of stabilization effect of the inertia of the water flow in the penstock. ;The necessary stability is provided by feedback from the servomotor,which ,by means of the dashpot,temporarily restores the control valve toward the null position,and dampens the servomotor movements. ;In the case of mechanical governor, the flyball mechanism is driven by a permanent magnet generator (PMG) attached to the generator shaft,or by a potential transformer (PT) so that