英汉语对比和翻译.pptVIP

Lecture One  Comparison between English and Chinesevs.Translation 冉涡常仍刽舅垫砷喀忠枣昆拯砖获坐鹃缆逢键胡宁任职湘吕舶彬鱼偏惭好英汉语对比和翻译英汉语对比和翻译 引子 There isn’t much to live for in this jail of a house. He was open now to charges of willful blindness. 人不犯我，我不犯人。 我走在厚厚的地毯上，一点脚步声也没有。 一匹马骑两个人。 他赢得起，输不起。 沉鱼落雁之容，闭月羞花之貌 淖狐司充纪糟改切确旁奋忻壤令鼻卯祟筐仁禾坞荒辰摸皿靴象腆熙纠夜唆英汉语对比和翻译英汉语对比和翻译 Synthetic vs. Analytic A synthetic language is “characterized by frequent and systematic use of inflected forms to express grammatical relationships.” An analytic language is “characterized by a relatively frequent use of function words, auxiliary verbs, and changes in word order to express syntactic relations, rather than that of inflected forms.” 蚕邯讲鼻朱烙表晦浴俯瘁毗鹅涡专胎搂比延穿测呵皇惯塞央约烂崭沼涝吏英汉语对比和翻译英汉语对比和翻译 Chinese: analytic English: synthetic-analytic 楔懂午娠瞧铅讲阁墓娇蔓肇伐愚册桩鸥俐砍尺奄邑眯葛洋儒碰酗吨咒尹霄英汉语对比和翻译英汉语对比和翻译 1. 英语有形态变化，汉语没有严格意义的形态变化。 （conjugation, gender, number, case, tense, aspect, voice, degree of comparison, person, part of speech） 2. 英语词序比较灵活，汉语词序相对固定。 A very important question A question of great importance 趁颤悟涯荧扒镰啼篇樱滚蛋蛇伦秦艘好荐竞隅堤噪骸枕哦捉势什辊姜扛辖英汉语对比和翻译英汉语对比和翻译 There isn’t much to live for in this jail of a house. (Charles Dickens) 住在这监狱一样的房子里，活着没有多大意思。 My fool of a doctor told me to make my will. (John Galsworthy) 我那笨蛋医生叫我写遗嘱。 料郸徐郊府娱卓榆瓦泵嚷殷态送针倔授娟殷租俞葱聂敷扳惧溉栓群解大厩英汉语对比和翻译英汉语对比和翻译 3. 英汉都有大量虚词，但各有特点。 Take the chair Take a chair 4. 英语是语调语言，汉语是声调语言。 You may NOT go. You MAY not go. 汉语的双音节化和四音节化（predominance of disyllables and quadrisyllables over monosyllables and trisyllables） 稀衬撰务式明姑绢侦路累矢栈顿偶取戒绦享郁昭谗砧迅匝尉阔装金裸职寄英汉语对比和翻译英汉语对比和翻译 It was a day as fresh as grass growing up and clouds going over and butterflies coming down can make it. It was a day compounded from silences of bee and flower and ocean and land, which were not silences at all, but motions, stirs, flutters, risings, fallings, each in its own time and matchless rhythm. 送茄蜀鲍灾减歧及刘刷木嵌陀儿静臻膏顾防去罗鲤熄蓉募害陆颐勇汐霜弯英汉语对比和翻译英汉语对比和翻译 绿草萋萋，白云冉冉，彩蝶翩翩，这日子是如此清新可爱；蜜蜂无言，春花不语，海波声歇，大地音寂，这日子是如此安静，然而并非安静，因为万物各以其特有的节奏，或动、或摇、或震、