《Electronic Circuit Design1模拟电子技术》L03_07 Op Amps 1 - Ideal Op Amp.pptVIP

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2017-07-25 发布于四川
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《Electronic Circuit Design1模拟电子技术》L03_07 Op Amps 1 - Ideal Op Amp.ppt

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741 Op Amp 741 Op Amp – Circuit Diagram Ideal Op Amp Very high input resistance (Rin ? ?) Input current tends to zero (Iin ? 0) Very low output resistance (Rout ? 0) Output voltage independent of current Infinite bandwidth AV constant for 0 ? f ? ? Infinite gain (AV ? ?) Ideal Op Amp Negative Feedback Inverting Op Amp with Feedback System performance is determined almost entirely by a few inexpensive passive components and becomes independent of the op amp characteristics. Non-Inverting Op Amp with Feedback Op Amp Unity Gain Buffer Summary Non-Ideal Op Amps Real op amps have properties that deviate from the ideal Finite open loop gain Finite input and output resistance Finite bandwidth Large signal limitations (slew rate etc.) Offset voltages and currents + ? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 V??(typically ?15V) Output Offset null N/C Offset null Inverting input Non-inverting input V??(typically ?15V) Let’s consider the input voltage required to produce an output of 1.0 volt for a range of values of the open-loop voltage gain. It should be evident from this table that at typical gain values of 105 the input voltage will be vanishingly small. A fraction of the amplifier output is returned to the input and subtracted from the original input signal. Closing the feedback loop has the effect of reducing the overall gain of the system. Without feedback ? Open-loop gain AV With feedback ? Closed-loop gain GV The reduction in gain is counterbalanced by an improvement in its accuracy and stability. R2 AV + ? R1 If AV is very large (AV ? ?) then Vi will be negligibly small for finite values of Vo. The point X is therefore effectively at ground potential and is referred to as a virtual earth. X Virtual Earth R2 AV + ? R1 Vo Vi Since the current drawn by the inverting input is negligibly small, we have that I1 ? I2. Vs Vo I1 I2 Vi R2 AV + ? R1 We have that the inverting input of the amplifier is effectively at ground potential - i.e. it is a virtual earth. Therefore it is possible t