计算机英语 刘艺 王春生 第4版 Unit 10A.ppt

Individuals are also using encryption programs to safeguard their private communications. One of the most widely used personal encryption programs is Pretty Good Privacy. 个人也使用加密程序来保护其私人通信。使用最广泛的个人加密程序之一是PGP加密软件。 Q：How to restrict unauthorized access? 2. Restricting Access Security experts are constantly devising ways to protect computer systems from access by unauthorized persons. Sometimes security is a matter of putting guards on company computer rooms and checking the identification of everyone admitted. 2、限制访问 安全专家不断设计新方法，用以保护计算机系统免于未经授权之人的访问。有时，保护安全就是派警卫看护公司计算机室和检查每个进入之人的身份证明。 Oftentimes it is a matter of being careful about assigning passwords to people and of changing them when people leave a company. Passwords are secret words or numbers that must be keyed into a computer system to gain access. In some “dial-back” computer systems, the user telephones the computer, punches in the correct password, and hangs up. The computer then calls back at a certain preauthorized number. 保护安全常常也是谨慎地将口令分配与人，并且在他们离开公司时更换口令。口令是秘密的单词或数字，必须键入计算机系统才能进行访问。在一些“回叫”式计算机系统情况下，用户打电话给计算机，键入正确的口令，然后挂断。计算机随后会回叫某个预先授权的号码。 Most major corporations today use special hardware and software called firewalls to control access to their internal computer networks. These firewalls act as a security buffer between the corporation’s private network and all external networks, including the Internet. All electronic communications coming into and leaving the corporation must be evaluated by the firewall. Security is maintained by denying access to unauthorized communications. 今天，大多数大公司都使用被称为防火墙的专门硬件和软件，来控制对其内部计算机网络的访问。这些防火墙，在公司专用网络与包括因特网在内的所有外部网络之间，起到安全缓冲区的作用。所有进出公司的电子通信都必须经过防火墙的评估。通过拒绝未经授权的通信进出，来维护安全。 3. Anticipating Disasters Companies (and even individuals) that do not make preparations for disasters are not acting wisely. Physical security is concerned with protecting hardware from possible human and natural disasters. Data security is concer