第一节先天性畸形（Section 1 congenital malformation）.doc

第一节先天性畸形（Section 1 congenital malformation） Chapter 72 exercise system deformity The body sports system includes bones, muscles, muscle legs, peripheral nerves and bone connections. According to the etiology, it is divided into neurogenic, non-neurogenic and traumatic deformity (see the section of bone joint injury). Section 1 congenital malformation 1. Congenital muscular torticollis Congenital torticollis is one side of a sternocleidomastoid, which leads to a deformity of the neck and head. The incidence of the torticolla of the buttock or forceps was increased. Causes of various causes causes the sternocleidomastoid muscle fibrosis, the gradual contracture results in the appearance of the neck. The cause of myofibrosis is not quite clear. Most scholars believe that the factors such as gluteal production, injury, and traction caused the hemorrhage of sternocleidomastoid, hematoma, contracture and contracture. After the birth of the baby, it was revealed that there was a mass in the sternocleidomastoid in the side of the breast, and two or three weeks of lumps, no Activity, spindle, finger size. In half a year, the mass gradually subsides, but the sternocleidomastoid muscle fibers contracture, shortening, and in a line, pull the occipital occipital and incline to the side, and then the lower collar to the shoulder. With the growth and development, the bilateral side is asymmetrical, the sides are full, the sides are smaller, the eyes are not a horizontal line, and the severe stress causes the lateral convex deformity of the cervical vertebra (FIG. 72 1). Diagnosis and differential diagnosis based on the clinical manifestations, the lateral sternocleidomastoid muscles were treated with a cord contracture and the head was skewed to make a clear diagnosis. Differential diagnosis: 1. Abnormal cervical cervical vertebrae, such as atlantoaxial semidislocation, hemivertebral body, etc., the sternocleidomastoid muscle does not contracture, and X-ray examination can be conf