腹部影像（Abdominal imaging）.doc

腹部影像（Abdominal imaging） 1. Basis of abdominal imaging 1. Normal imaging of the esophagus and gastrointestinal tract (1) normal anatomy of the esophagus A) three pressure marks of the esophagus (aortic arch, left main bronchus, left atrium) B) the right anterior oblique position is a common observation position (2) the normal anatomy of the stomach A) stomach type: bovine crocheted cascades (powerlessness) B) gastric subregion: gastric gastric sinus gastric sinus is a big bend 2. Imaging manifestations of the basic lesions of esophagus and gastrointestinal tract ? Contour changes (shadow, diverticulum, filling defect) ? Shadow: a barium - containing image of a barium - filled gastrointestinal contour, which is caused by barium filling in the depression of the localized ulceration of the gastrointestinal wall. X-ray performance ? Tangent position: papillary, triangular barium shadow ? Front side: a bright moon ? Benign shadow: the outline of the gastrointestinal tract ? Malignant shadow: inside the outline of the gastrointestinal tract ? Diverticulum: the local gastrointestinal wall is presented with a barium of protruding pouch, with normal mucosa protruding into the diverticulum. Common in esophagus, duodenum and small intestine. ? Identification of the adjacent mucosa of the diverticulum ? Filling defect: the localized mass of the gastrointestinal wall protruded into the cavity, occupying a certain space, which was not formed by the filling of contrast agent in the area More common in gastrointestinal tumors, direct signs of tumors ? Mucosal and mucosal fold changes (destruction, collection, etc.) ? Cavity change (dilation, stenosis) ? Location and mobility change ? Functional change 3. Liver biliary pancreas and spleen and genitourinary system ? Hepatic lobe is bounded by hepatic vein, dividing left and right lobe; The hepatic gate and the inferior vena cava are the tail leaves ? The size, shape, number and location of gallbladder were abnormal ? Wall thickening: