蛇咬伤的治疗（Snake bite treatment）.doc

蛇咬伤的治疗（Snake bite treatment） Snake bite Snake venom is excreted by poison gland, translucent liquid form, also some is milky white, gray, pale yellow, golden or yellow green, with fishy taste. Contains protein, salt base, yeast and mucus, often fatty substance and epithelial cells. The species of venomous snakes are different, and its venom ingredients are different. The lethal component is polypeptide, which is the small molecule protein with no enzymatic activity. The main toxicity is as follows: (1) neurotoxicity: Polypeptides or small molecular proteins, including nerve poison, b, etc. Optional damage the central nervous system, inhibition of respiratory center, peripheral nerve damage and movement - also skeletal muscle conduction, to prevent skeletal muscle excitation contraction, flaccid paralysis, especially myoparalysis breathing, snake bite is more threat the life of the injured man. (2) heart poison: This is a direct dissolve factor, cell toxicity, alkaline polypeptide, can cause irreversible cell membrane depolarization, make the cell structure change and dysfunction, not only leads to myocardial necrosis, and myocardial brief excited to suppress, then can also occur shock, heart failure, arrhythmia, cardiac arrest, and so on. (3) blood poison: 1, prothrombin can promote transfer of fibrinogen to fibrin, also some snake venom can activate the X factor, factor, calcium ion, phospholipids in V formation of blood coagulation in live, make the prothrombin into thrombin, promote blood clotting, and above all can lead to fibrin and consumptive disorders of coagulation, thrombin system and for the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation. 2. Bleeding poison can damage the adhesion and material between the capillary wall cells and increase the permeability of capillaries. Blood seeps out of the blood vessels. This kind of snake venom can also destroy the thrombin, and the protease can also increase the activity of bleeding poison, which can lead to