件工程-实践者的研究方法.pptVIP

* The Interaction Model Composed of four elements: use-cases sequence diagrams state diagrams a user interface prototype Each of these is an important UML notation These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e (McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. * * 时序图 时序图用于描述对象与对象之间动态的交互关系，着重体现对象间消息传递的时间顺序。 时序图有两个轴 水平轴表示不同的类/对象，垂直轴表示时间。 时序图中的类/对象用一个带有垂直虚线的矩形框表示，并标有对象名/类名。 垂直虚线是对象的生命线，用于表示在某段时间内对象是存在的。 对象间的通信通过在对象的生命线间画消息来表示，消息从上到下，表明其发送的先后顺序。 消息是对象间的一次通信，传达了要执行动作的信息，它能触发事件。消息可以是信号、操作、调用等，对象接收到消息时，立即开始执行指定活动，即对象被激活了。 “激活”用对象生命线上的一个细长矩形框来表示。消息可以带序号（也可省略），还可带有条件表达式，表示该消息是否被发送。 These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e (McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. * * 时序图实例：如图描述了某公司管理系统的脚本“打印工资单”。首先，“Print Cilent”发送消息print(PayCheck,String)给PrintService，该对象发送消息给PayCheckPrinterImage以创建工资单，创建工资单的打印图象时，需要取得雇员的姓名，ID，工资数等，然后才建立打印图象，最后发送print（Image）消息给Printer，打印工资单的图象。 激活 生命线 消息 对象/类 These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e (McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. * Sequence Diagram These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e (McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. * State Diagram These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e (McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. * Activity Diagram These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e (McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. * * Flow-Oriented Modeling-Example 商店业务处理系统 These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e (McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. * * 第一层数据流图 These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e (Mc