动词填空经典答题方法.docVIP

动词填空经典答题方法一、锁定时间状语法 每一种动词的时态都有其固定的时间状语。根据时间状语一般能判断出动词的时态。如：一般现在时常与usually, often, sometimes, always, every day等表示现在的时间状语连用；一般过去时常与yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, just now, a week ago, once, long before, the other day等表示过去的时间状语连用；一般将来时常与tomorrow, next week, this month, in a week, soon, the day after tomorrow等表示将来的时间状语连用，等等。 二、锁定句子意境法 对于没有时间状语的句子，要根据句子所表示的意境来确定时态。或者根据前后句或主从句的语境来确定动词的时态。如：look, listen等动词做状语使用时，句子要用现在进行时；在宾语从句中，主句为一般过去时，从句也要用某种过去时态；在条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时，主句就要用一般将来时等。 三、锁定主谓关系法 这种方法主要判断一个句子是不是被动语态。当主语是谓语动词动作的承受者时，就是被动语态。否则，就不是被动语态。 四、锁定宾语补足语法 这种方法主要用于确定是不是非谓语动词。动词不定式，动词的-ing形式通常在句子中做宾语或宾语补足语。如：及物动词want, try, hope, decide等后面常用动词不定式做宾语；及物动词keep, go, finish, enjoy等后面常接动词的-ing 形式做宾语；动词stop, remember, forget等之后接动词不定式和动词的-ing 形式表示的意思不一样；动词let, see, hear, make, feel等使役动词或感官动词后所接的动词不定式不带to，如果变成被动语态则要带to。 【典型例题1】 （北京市）―What a nice bike! How long________you________it? ―Just two weeks. A. will, buyB. did, buy C. are, having D. have, had 错解现象及原因：本题考查现在完成时的用法及瞬间动词和延续动词的用法。产生错误的原因有二：一是考生没有注意下文的时间提示，误选A、B；二是考生没有注意句中含有一个表示“一段时间”的短语，瞬间动词和延续动词用法的区别，误选B。 解析：解本题要注意两个关键点，一是根据上下文的提示，问持续到现在的状况，时态用现在完成时；二是how long 和下文的just two weeks的“一段时间”限定了动词要用延续动词，所以答案只能选D。 巩固练习1 1.（辽宁省）David________Shanghai for more than three months. A. came to B. has been to C. has been in D. has come to 2.（天津市）―What are you going to do this weekend? ―I________yet. A. haven’t decidedB. won’t decide C. have decidedD. didn’t decide 3.（辽宁省）―May I go to play tennis with you, Dad? ―________you________your composition yet? A. Are; finishingB. Did; finish C. Will; finishD. Have; finished 4.（陕西省）The World Without Thieves is a very moving film. I________it twice already. A. will seeB. seeC. saw D. have seen 5.（吉林省）―Anna, could you lend me this book, please? ―I’m sorry, but I________it for only two days. I haven’t finish it yet. A. have bought B. have had C. bought D. had 6.（山东省）―How long have you________?