漫话英语中肯定句变否定句.docVIP

漫话英语中肯定句变否定句 英语中的肯定句变否定句是一种常见的练习和考试题型。在把肯定句变为否定句时，通常在助动词、情态动词或连系动词be的后面加上not 即可。如： 1.We are teachers. → We ａｒｅｎｔ teachers. 2.He works on a farm. → He ｄｏｅｓｎｔ work on a farm. 3.He has come. → He ｈａｓｎｔ come. 但有些情况下，按上述例句去变未必对，应注意以下几种特殊情况： 一、当everyone，everybody，someone，some-body，everything，something等不定代词作肯定句的主语时，肯定句变否定句一般不加not，而要把everyone和someone变为no one，把everybody和somebody变为nobody，把everything和some-thing变为nothing构成否定句。如： 1.Something is wrong with my bike. → Ｎｏｔｈｉｎｇ is wrong with my bike. 2.Everyone is here. → Ｎｏ ｏｎｅ is here. 二、含有always的肯定句变为否定句时，只将always变为never即可。如： He always goes to school by bike. → He ｎｅｖｅｒ goes to school by bike. 三、含有often的肯定句变为否定句时，只将often变为seldom即可。如： They often play football after school. → They ｓｅｌｄｏｍ play football after school. 四、含有nearly的肯定句变为否定句时，只将nearly变为hardly即可。如： He could nearly believe that was true. →He could ｈａｒｄｌｙ believe that was true. 五、含有a few，a little的肯定句变为否定句时，只将a few变为few，将a little变为little即可。如： 1.I have a few friends in Tianjin. → I have ｆｅｗ friends in Tianjin. 2.There is a little water in the glass. → There is ｌｉｔｔｌｅ water in the glass. 六、当all，both作肯定句的主语或主语的修饰语时，可将all变为none，将both变为neither构成全部否定，也可将句子的谓语部分变成否定形式，构成部分否定，但采用这两种形式把句子变成否定时，其句意有所不同。试比较： 1.All of them came here yesterday. → Ｎｏｎｅ of them came here yesterday. 他们昨天没有一个人来这儿。 → All of them ｄｉｄｎｔ came here yesterday. 他们并非都是昨天来这儿的。 2.Both pens are mine. → Ｎｅｉｔｈｅｒ pen is mine. 两枝钢笔都不是我的。 → Both pens ａｒｅｎｔ mine. 两枝钢笔并不都是我的。 七、若think，believe，suppose，except等表示猜测的动词引导宾语从句，变为否定句时，要否定主句的谓语动词，而不否定宾语从句，但译成汉语时要否定从句（此称之为“否定转移”）如： I think she is right. → I ｄｏｎｔ think she is right. 我认为她不对。 八、have（has）在肯定句中作实义动词时，肯定句变否定句有两种情况： （一）have（has）表示所有关系，肯定句变否定句时可在其后直接加not，也可在其前面加“助动词+ not”。如： I have a cat. → I ｈａｖｅｎｔ/ｄｏｎｔ ｈａｖｅ a cat. （二）have（has）表示动作，肯定句变否定句时只能在其前面加“助动词+ not”。如： He has lunch at school every day. → He ｄｏｅｓｎｔ ｈａｖｅ lunch at school every