水稻节水栽培技术体系的形成与发展.pdfVIP

VoI．38 No．3 ． 。 稻 稻 水稻节水栽培技术体系的形成与发展 王友芬 ，隋国民 ，王一凡术，侯守贵 ，于广星 ，陈 盈 (辽宁省农业科学院 稻作研究所，沈阳 110101) 摘 要：主要从水稻节水栽培的技术原理、核心技术及重要技术创新、主要关键技术及其技术体系的形成与发展等方面， 进行了较全面的论述。通过多年来采取不同学科、跨地区、多层次、联合攻关和潜心研究，在水稻栽培领域取得了突破性进 展。研究结果与实践表明，水稻节水栽培是一项系统工程。1981年～2005年，农业科研院所和农业院校及农业技术推广部 门通力合作，开展了全方位的水稻节水栽培技术试验研究，不断创新和吸取群众经验，在长达 25年间，进行各项技术集 成、组装与配套，建立了水稻高产节水栽培技术体系，彻底改变了传统的淹水栽培方式。经过不断深入开发和大面积应用 推广，取得了巨大经济效益、社会效益和生态效益，是我国水稻栽培史上的一个里程碑。 关键词：水稻；节水栽培；创新与集成；技术体系 中图分类号：S318 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673—6737(2008)03-0001-06 Formation and Development of Water-Saving Cultivation System in Rice WANG You—fen，SUI Guo—rain，WANG Yi—fan ，HOU Shou-gui，YU Guang—xing，CHEN Ying (Rice Research Institute，Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Shenyang 1 10101，China) Abstract：The formation and development of water—saving cultivation system in rice was reviewed in this paper，mainly including water-saving principle，necessity，feasibility and importance，and innovation of core and key technologies． Through the joint research of different subjects，trans—regions and multi—levels，a breakthrough has been made in water— saving culture for rice．The results show that water—saving cultivation in rice iS a systematic project．The research on water—saving cultivation technique in rice was carried out by agricultural research institutes，universities and technology extension departments from 1 98 1 to 2007．In the past 26 years，the cultivation techniques have been integrated，assem— bled and matched，and the high—yielding and water—saving cultivation system in rice was formed，which thoroughly changed the traditional flooding cultivation．The cultivation system has been developed and applied in vast areas，SO great economic，social and ecological benefits are acquired．The establishment of water—saving cultivation system is a milestone during the rice—growing history in