11.4物体的内能热量（The internal heat of 11.4 bodies）.doc

11.4物体的内能热量（The internal heat of 11.4 bodies） The internal heat of 11.4 bodies Learning guidance The knowledge structure is clear, clear, systematic, learning should pay attention to and summarized. The formation of their own knowledge system. The focus should be to understand and grasp the following three points: first, the temperature is a sign of the average kinetic energy of molecular size, the molecular motion of objects within the rapidly changing rate, but the decisive role is the average effect of a large number of thermal motion of molecules, the molecular average kinetic energy; second, to understand the internal energy concept, determinants of internal energy; thirdly, to understand the difference between the two methods can change the object and essence of the macro and micro phenomena clarify the nature of the contact. Key points of knowledge 1. molecular kinetic energy (1) molecules are constantly doing irregular thermal motion, and the energy of molecules due to motion is called molecular kinetic energy (2) the average value of kinetic energy of all molecules in an object is the average kinetic energy of molecular thermal motion (3) temperature is the sign of the average kinetic energy of the thermal motion of an object molecule. The higher the temperature, the greater the average kinetic energy of molecular thermal motion 2. molecular potential energy (1) there is interaction force between molecules. The molecules have potential energy determined by their relative positions, called molecular potential energy (2) the size of the molecular potential energy is related to the distance between molecules, that is to say, the volume of the object The changes and molecular potential energy and the distance between the change of molecular force acting: molecular force do positive work, reduce the molecular potential energy; overcome the molecular force works, molecular potential energy increases, and the molecular force (or molecular force to overcome the mol