物理复习（Physical review）.doc

物理复习（Physical review） Topic 1: description of sports [key points] 1. Particle (A) (1) there is no shape, size, and quality point. (2) the particle is an idealized physical model which does not exist. (3) whether as a particle, an object does not depend on the size of the object, but the study of the problems in the objects shape, size, and whether the differences of each part of the movement to a negligible secondary factors, specific analysis to specific issue. 2. Reference frame (A) (1) changes in the position of an object relative to other objects, called mechanical movement, or movement. (2) when describing a motion of an object, it is chosen to be the standard (that is, the nonmoving) of the other object, which is called The frame of reference. The reference frame should specify the following points: When different objects are selected as the frame of reference for the same moving object, the observation results of objects are often different. In the study of practical problems, the basic principle of selecting the frame of reference is to simplify the description of the research objects motion and make it easy to solve the problem. Because in the future we will mainly discuss the movement of objects on the ground, so we usually take the ground as the frame of reference 3. Distance and displacement (A) (1) displacement is the physical quantity that represents the change of particle position. The distance is the length of the mass point motion. (2) displacement is a vector, which can be used to indicate the end position of a line segment. So the displacement is going to be the distance from the initial position to the end of the object. Distance is a scalar, its the length of the mass point motion. So it has to do with the motion path. (3) in general, the distance of the moving object is different from that of the displacement. The distance is equal to the displacement only when the particle does a straight line in a single direction. Figure 1-1 the mass point t