常用金相试样浸蚀剂的作用（Role of commonly used metallographic sample etching agent）.doc

常用金相试样浸蚀剂的作用（Role of commonly used metallographic sample etching agent） The effect of commonly used metallographic etching agent 1. sulfuric acid At room temperature, dissolved weak sulfuric acid solution of the metal oxide, improve the concentration of the solution can significantly improve the erosion ability of sulfuric acid, and its concentration reached more than 40%, the oxide is insoluble. Therefore, the concentration of sulfuric acid solution, iron and steel general control in 10% ~ 20% (volume ratio), the most suitable concentration is 25% (weight). Increase in temperature, can greatly improve the erosion ability of sulfuric acid solution, because it is not easy to volatilize, suitable for heating operation, hot sulfuric acid on steel erosion ability of oxide has a better peeling effect, but the temperature is not too high, too easy to corrosion of steel matrix, and the matrix caused by hydrogen embrittlement, is heated to 50 to not more than 60 DEG, 75 DEG C, but also add appropriate inhibitor. Cumulative erosion in the process of iron can significantly reduce the erosion ability of sulfuric acid solution, slow erosion rate and make parts of the surface residue after etching increases, lower quality, therefore, the iron content of sulfuric acid solution in general should not be greater than 60g/L, when the iron content is more than 80g/L, ferrous sulfate is more than 215g/L, should replace the etching solution. Sulfuric acid solution is widely used in iron and steel, copper and brass parts etching. Concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid mixed use, can improve the quality of gloss solution, and can slow down the corrosion rate of copper nitrate, iron matrix. Together with the use of chromic acid and sulfuric acid dichromate, can be used as a deoxidizing agent of aluminum products and to hang ash agent. Sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid or one of the two mixed, can be used for stainless steel descaling. Sulfuric acid anodic etching steel d