及濒危等级评价Ξ-生物多样性.PDF

生物多样性 　1997 ,5 (2) :84～89 CHIN ESE BIODIV ERSIT Y ( ) 黑颈鹤 Grus nigricoll us 种群生态 及濒危等级评估 李来兴 ( 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所, 　西宁　810001) 5 摘 　要 　黑颈鹤的种群总量有 5000～6000 只个体 ,主要分布在青藏高原和云贵高原 ,分布区约 22 ×10 km2 , 占有面积约5400 km2 。青藏高原北部和西部为其繁殖区 ,越冬区主要在雅鲁藏布江河谷中段、喜 马拉雅山脉南坡及云贵高原部分区域 ,青藏高原东部为其迁徙途径之地。越冬时以家族、同种群及混合 ( ) 群 主要与灰鹤 Grus grus 和斑头雁 A nser indicus 形式集群活动。繁殖期分化为非繁殖群和繁殖对 (Breeding pair) 两种类型。繁殖对能否成功地占有领域是繁殖成败的关键。笔者认为该物种依 IUCN ( ) ( ) 1994 标准应列为易危级 Vulnerable ,VU 关键词 　黑颈鹤 ,种群 ,生态 ,濒危等级 ,青藏高原 ,云贵高原 Population ecology and endangered categories evaluation of the Blacknecked crane ( Grus nigricollus) / Li Laixin / / CHINESE BIODIVERSITY. —1997 ,5( 2) :84～89 According to field investigation ,the population of the blacknecked crane ( Grus nigricollus ) is determined of 5000～6000 individuals distributed mainly through QinghaiXizang ( Tibet ) Plateau and YunnanGuizhou 5 2 2 Plateau. Its extent of occurrence is more than 22 ×10 Km and area of occupancy is more than 5400 Km . Breeding area has been found in northern and west Tibet Plateau and wintering area in the middle valley of Tsangpo ,parts of YunnanGuizhou Plateau and southern slope of Himalaya. The migratory routes are over the south