CE 382 L2 Loads College of Engineering（公元382年L2 加载工程学院）.pdf

Structural Loads Table 1. Typical Design Dead Loads Dead Loads: Gravity loads of constant magnitudes and fixed ppositions that act ppermanentlyy on the structure. Such loads consist of the weights of the structural system itself and of all other material and equipment perma- nently attached to the structural system. Weights of permanent equipment, such as heating and air-conditioning systems, are usually obtained from the manufacturer. 1 2 Table 1. Typical Design Dead Loads Dead Load Adjustments Adjustments are made in the dis- tribution of dead loads due to the placement of utility lines under the floorfloor systemsystem andand fixturesfixtures (lights(lights, ducts, etc.) on the floor ceiling, which is the floor for the next story if one exists. Rather than worry about the actual weight and location of such routine building additions, the structural enggineer will normally assess an increase in the floor dead load of 10 to 15 lbs/ft2 (psf) to ensure that the