Designing with Cylinders Womack Machine （与气缸设计沃玛克机器）.pdf

Designing with Cylinders Standard catalog cylinder models are not designed to take any appreciable side load on the piston rod. They must be mounted so the rod is not placed in a bind at any part of the stroke. If the direction of the load changes during the stroke, hinge mounting must be used on both the rod end and the rear end. Use guides on the mechanism, if necessary, to assure that no side load is transmitted to the cylinder rod or piston. Rod Buckling Column failure or buckling of the rod may occur if the cylinder stroke is too long relative to the rod diameter. The exact ratio of rod length to rod diameter at which column failure will occur cannot be accurately calculated, but the Piston Rod Column Strength table in this manual shows suggested safe ratios for normal applications. Tension and Compression Failures All standard cylinders have been designed with sufficiently large piston rods so failure will never occur either in tension or compression, provided the cylinder is operated within the manufacturers pressure rating. Rod Bearing Failure Rod bearing failures usually occur when the cylinder is at maximum extension, and occur more often on hinge or trunnion mount cylinders, in which the rear support point is located considerably behind the rod bearing. If space permits, it is wise to order cylinders with longer stroke than actually required, and not permit the piston to approach close to the front end while under full load. Stop Collar On those applications where it is necessary to let the piston “bottom out” on the front end, the cylinder may be ordered with a stop collar. The stop collar should be especially considered on long strokes if the distance between supports exceeds 10 times the rod diameter, if the maximum thrust is required at full extension, and if the cylinder has rear f