英文介绍中医2.doc

QI, BLOOD AND BODY FLUID OF MUTUAL CAUSALITY 气、血、津液的相互关系 ? Despite their differences in nature, form and function, qi, blood and body fluid have something in common with each other. They are the basic materials that constitute the human body and maintain life activities; they all derive from cereal essence; they, physiologically, depend on each other for existence and restrain and utilize each other; they, pathologically, act upon each other and have causality between them. ??? 尽管气、血、津液的性状及其功能各不相同，但它们却有许多共同之处。三者均为构成人体和维持人体生命活动的基本物质。它们均来自水谷精气。在生理上，它们相互依存、相互制约、相互为用；在病理上，它们相互影响，互为因果。 ? Qi and blood are closely related. Qi is the commander of blood, and blood is the mother of qi. As the commander of blood, for one thing, qi is the motive power for blood formation, or rather, it produces blood. Blood is formed from mutritive qi and body fluid, both of which come from food and water. All these cannot be separated from the functions of qi. Blood circulation depends on the propelling function of heart-qi. For another, qi controls blood and keep it flowiing in the blood vessels without extravasation. This function of qi is performed by spleen-qi. When qi is deficient, it fails to control blood, thus leading to hemorrhage. Blood is referred to as the mother of qi because, on the one hand, blood is a carrier of qi; and on the other, blood provides adequate nutrients for qi. Therefore, it is impossible for qi to exist without itsmother, blood. ??? 气血紧密相关。气为血之帅，血为气之母。气为血帅，一方面因为气是血液形成的原动力；另一方面是由于气可生血。血由营气和津液形成，后两者都源于水谷。而以上这些都离不开气的作用。血液循行依赖气的推动功能，另一方面，气摄血，维持血行于脉中不致外溢。气的此项功能由脾气来执行。气虚不能摄血可导致出血。所谓“血为气之母”，是因为，一则，血以载气；二则，血为气提供充足的营养。因此，如无气之母－血，则气也不可能存在。 ??? The relationship between qi and body fluid is rather similar to that between qi and blood. This is shown in the following four aspects. First, qi produces body fluid. The formation, distribution and excretion of body fluid depend upon all the movements of qi and its warming, promoting and controlling functions. The existence of q