ch1(PRINCIPLES OF 的COMPUTER ORGANIZATION)_1.ppt

Chapter 1 PRINCIPLES OF COMPUTER ORGANIZATION;Contents;1.1 Computer Hardware; ; ; ; ; ; ;The function of a computer system.; ;The Four components of a computer system.; ; ;1.2 Computer Codes; ; ; ; ; ;1.3 What is a Processor; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;1.4 Memory Systems; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Hierarchical memory ; ; ;Page allocation and address translation; ;Real memory and cache allocation; ;1.5 Input / Output System;New words(2):; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;I/O Registers; 2. Memory-Mapped I/OMemory-Mapped I/O is another form of Programmed I/O that maps the device connections to bits in the memory address space.  An output command is a normal store instruction . An input command is a normal load instruction .;Example : The Intel Penetium Pro Memory-Mapped I/O Allocation.;3. Interrupt I/O The processor sends a command to the device, to start it’s operation. After the request is made to the device, the processor returns to the main program. When the device is ready to transfer, the device sends an interrupt signal to the processor and the processor services the interrupt and performs the data transfer . ;4. Coprocessor I/O There are two types of these coprocessors; programmed I/O channel and direct memory access (DMA). ; ;1.6 Buses and Controller; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Bus Design Examples : Table 1-3 General-purpose bus design example.