材料磁性能.pptVIP

Prof. Xiaoqin Yan xqyan@mater.ustb.edu.cn 2012.08;Contents;Other Properties of Materials (For Self-Study) Electrical Properties： Thermoelectric, Pyroelectric and Magnetoelectric Property (热电、热释电、磁电性能) Magnetic Properties： Magnetostriction and Magnetoresistance (磁致伸缩、磁电阻) Optical Properties: Electrooptic, Photoelectric and Magnetooptic Property (电光、光电、磁光性能) Acoustic?Properties:? Propagation, Absorption and Electroacoustic Property (声音的传播、吸收、电声性能) Elasticity: Anelasticity and Internal Friction (滞弹性与内耗);4. Magnetic Properties;Magnetic field strength (磁场强度) H: the externally applied magnetic field. H=NI / l (4.1) A cylindrical coil (or solenoid): N closely spaced turns, length l, current of magnitude I. Unit of H: amperes per meter. Magnetic field strength within a coil—dependence on number of turns, applied current, and coil length. Magnetic induction (磁感应强度) / magnetic flux density (磁通密度) B: the magnitude of the internal field strength within a substance that is subjected to an H field. B = μH (4.2) Permeability (磁导率) μ: The property of the specific medium through which the H field passes and in which B is measured. The permeability has dimensions of webers per ampere-meter (Wb/A m) or henries per meter (H/m). Both B and H are field vectors. Magnetic flux density in a material— dependence on permeability and magnetic field strength. ;In a vacuum: B0 = μ0H (4.3) Permeability of a vacuum (真空磁导率) μ0: a universal constant, which has a value of 4π x 10-7 (1.257 x 10-6) H/m. B0: the flux density within a vacuum. μr = μ / μ0 (4.4) Relative permeability (相对磁导率) μr: a measure of the degree to which the material can be magnetized, or the ease with which a B field can be induced in the presence of an external H field. ;Magnetization (磁化强度) M: B = μ0 H + μ0 M