General Survey of Rhetoric课件.pptVIP

General Survey of Rhetoric;What is Rhetoric?;What is Rhetoric?;运用修辞的原则;Contextualism;英语修辞(English Rhetoric);Figures of Speech;Figures of Speech;1. Simile：(明喻);1. Simile：(明喻) It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic (特性)in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if, similar to, to bear a resemblance to and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. 明喻的构成有三要素：本体（subject或tenor，被比喻的事物）， 喻体（reference或vehicle，用作比喻的事物）和喻词 （indicator of resemblance，acknowledging word或simile maker,使本体和喻体发生相比的关系词）． ;Examples：;5) I wandered lonely as a cloud. ( W. Wordsworth: The Daffodils) 6) Beauty is as summer fruits, which are easy to corrupt and cannot last… (Francis Bacon: Of Studies) 7）My heart is like a singing bird. Whose nest is in a watered shoot. ( C.G. Rossetti: A birthday) ;8) O, my Luves like a red, red rose,Thats newly sprung in June.O, my Luves like a melodieThats sweetly playd in tune.As fair as thou, my bonnie lass,So deep in luve am I;And I will love thee still, my dear,Till a the seas gang dry.;Some Other Forms;;英汉喻体相同;英汉喻体相异;2. Metaphor：(隐喻);2. Metaphor：(隐喻) It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. i.e. “a figure of speech containing an implied comparison, in which a word or phrase ordinarily and primarily used of one thing is applied to another. ” (a compressed or condensed simile);Examples:;隐喻的结构特征;;;英汉喻义相同但喻体相异的习语;3. Analogy: (类比);3. Analogy: (类比) It is also a form of comparison, but unlike simile or metaphor which usually uses comparison on one point of resemblance, analogy draws a parallel between two unlike things that have several common qualities or points of resemblance.