英语课 石窟.ppt

A Tour to Four Grottoes The grotto is one kind of temple architecture with Buddha and murals of Buddhist stories. The grotto art is a kind of religion culture based on the story of Buddhism, begining in the Wei and Jin Dynasties,flourishing in the Sui and Tang. Do you know any grottoes’ names? Have you ever been some grotto? There are four famous grottoes in China.They all refer to the Buddhist culture in China. The Mogao grottoes of Dunhuang TheYungang grottoes of Datong The Maijishan grottoes of Tianshui The Longmen grottoes of Luoyang They are historical treasures of ancient Chinese art and culture. Mogao Caves are the nation cultural relics(文化遗产), which are also named asThousand Buddhas Cave(千佛洞). They are situated in west the Gansu Corridor,Dunhuang,which are world famous by the murals,the buildings and the painted sculptures(彩塑). Mogao Caves form a huge scale(规模), existing 745 caverns(洞穴), 45000-square-meter murals,2415 argillaceous(黏土的) painted sculptures.It is the biggest scale and the richest Buddhism artplace in the world. Figure of Buddha Myth(神话) Some stories Landscape(山水) Decorations Cavern Exhibition hall Sutra cave(藏经洞) Pagoda(佛塔) Figure of Buddha Bodhisattva(菩萨) Followers(弟子) Heavenly Kings(天王) Vajra(力士) eminent monk(高僧) The first group (including Cave 1, Cave 2, Cave 3 and Cave 4) are at the eastern end separated from others. Cave 1 and Cave 2 have suffered from rigors of time and the weather. Cave 3, an afterthought after the Northern Wei Dynasty, is the largest grotto among Yungang caves. Yungang art manifests(展现) its best in second group. Cave 5 contains a seated Buddha with a height of 17 meters. In Cave 6, a 15-meter-high pagoda pillar(佛塔柱子) stands in the center of chamber(房间) and the life of the Buddha is carved in the pagoda walls and the sides of the cave. The Bodhisattva(菩萨)was engraved(雕刻) in Cave 7. The rare seen Shiva Statue in Yungang with eight arms and four heads and riding on a bull is in Cave 8. Cave 9 an