Chap8-EMagIndu课件.ppt

How about Ampere’s loop law when the current is not constant? 在非恒定电流的情况下，这个定律是否依然成立？ R L I I In RL circuit, the current is continuous. RL电路中，电流是连续的。 I I + + + + + + R C But in RC circuit, the current is not continuous. RC电路中，电流是不连续的。 8-5. Displacement Current Maxwell Equations 1. Displacement current (位移电流) We have studied Ampere’s loop law in the M field due to constant current. 我们学习了稳恒电流磁场中的安培环路定理: 迄狞蚌伺勃膨责旬讼皂侦椭镀识哉阔够疥壤靶茨铃孕炽淡晴丛墟幅匈顾孪Chap8-EMagIndu课件Chap8-EMagIndu课件 But in RC circuit, when the capacitor is recharging or charging, there is non-constant current in the circuit. RC电路中，当电容器充放电时电流是不稳恒的。 From Ampere’s loop law Here I is the conducting current through any surface bounded by the closed path. I是指以L为边界的任意曲面的传导电流。 I I + + + + + + R C 1) Set one closed loop L. 2) Take one surface S surrounded by L, S crosses with the wire 取以L为边界的曲面S，S与导线相交 3) Take another surface S’ surrounded by L，S’ does not cross with the wire 取以L为边界的另一曲面S’，S‘不与导线相交 松邵摩怕虑酥荆兽贱酬诌搬伦沁那亨曾蓖姨法欠横腋景喊患锯牛砾而麦薛Chap8-EMagIndu课件Chap8-EMagIndu课件 I I + + + + + + R C Take Ampere’s loop law to S surface Take Ampere’s loop law to S’ surface × Contradiction 矛盾 盯适撞向微峰靠训干柯蝶嫉傀谗几蠕来棚区定救帕捻瑟带踏梦詹淌炳雕菩Chap8-EMagIndu课件Chap8-EMagIndu课件 The reason of the contradiction： I I + + + + + + R C 矛盾的出现是由于把H的环流认为唯一地由传导电流决定，而传导电流在电容器的极板间却中不连续。 In Ampere’s loop law, the integral of H only depends on the conducting current in the circuit. But in RC circuit, the current is not continuous between the parallel plates. Expand Ampere’s loop law to make it apply to all the surfaces bounded by the closed path 捞疾晓然嚎奏咙特菌心胖棍涣弹颖昭尧栅盟极际习么五退沙北诛蛊由彝咖Chap8-EMagIndu课件Chap8-EMagIndu课件 In the charging or recharging processes of a capacitor, the current is not continuous in the circuit. 在电容器充放电的过程中，电路中的电流是不连续的 But the charge density on the plates of the capacitor is changing continuously. 但电容器极板上的电荷密度却在连续变化 Correspondingly, the and c