动词形式的动词.doc

动词不定式 不带 to 的情况 感官动词（feel, see, watch, notice, observe, hear…）和使役动词 （have, make, let）之后的复合宾语中的不定式。（但用在被动语态时，to 需还原） eg. He often has his mother wash his clothes. He is often heard to sing the song. 不定式动词在介词but, except, besides 后面时，如果这些动词前有do 的各种形式，to 省略，否则要加 to。 e.g. She could do nothing but cry. I have no choice but to go 在than 之后，省略 to e.g. She preferred to go out for a walk (rather) than watch TV. I know better than do such a thing. (我不至于蠢到干这种事) 在以 why 加动词不定式构成的省略式中，不带to,也不带 –ing。 e.g. Why worry about it? / Why not stay here? We all want to know why we are asked to go there (正) … why to go there, why going there (误) 在句型had better, would rather, would sooner, rather than后，省略to e.g. I’d rather stay here. / I’d sooner die than surrender. 在句型 cannot but, cannot choose but, cannot help but（不由得…）后，省略to e.g. I cannot but admire his courage. 动词do + be + (to) 不定式，用于口语中，to 往往可以省略。 e.g. The only thing you can do is (to) press the button. 带 to 的一些特殊用法 不定式的复合结构：It is + adj. + for / of + n. / pron. + 不定式 e.g. It is impossible for me to finish the work in a week. = To finish the work in a week is impossible for me. Adj. 用来说明事物的 It is careless of Tom to break the glass. = Tom is careless to break the glass. Adj. 用来说明人的 不定式的被动语态： 不定式在 easy, heavy, difficult, expensive 等形容词之后作状语时， 应用主动形式表示被动意义。 e.g. This article is difficult to understand. / The water is fit to drink. ② 不定式的主动式和被动式意义不同的比较： She has some clothes to wash. (自己洗) / She has some clothes to be washed. (别人洗) ③ 在某些习惯用法中，不定式用主动式代替被动式。 The house is to let. 招租 = to be let (但不用 to be let) He is to blame. 是他不好。 = to be blamed. ‘’ ‘’ 作定语时，必须后置，有下列四种情况： 表示将来发生的动作： e.g. These are the papers to be signed by Mr. Green 当名词有序数词、最高级或 next, only, last 等修饰时； e.g. Mary is the first to come. 在 promise, wish, hope, ability, determination, resolution, tendency 等名词后。 e.g. His wish to become a scientist has come true. 当被修饰的名词与不定式在逻辑上是动宾关系时，不定式是及物动词时，后面不可再有宾语；如果不定式是不及物动词时，后面要加适当的介词；或不定时虽然是及