被动语音全面解决.docVIP

被动语态全解 语态是动词的一种形式，表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系，主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。 本册书我们将学习被动语态的三种时态： 一般现在时的被动语态 一般过去时的被动语态 含情态动词的被动语态 一般现在时的被动语态 一般现在时的被动语态由“助动词be 的现在式am / is / are + 及物动词的过去分词 + （by）”构成。 基本句式 肯定式：主语调 + am /is /are +过去分词+( by) Bicycles are sold in that shop . Football is played all over the world by people. 否定式：主语+am/ is /are + not + 过去分词+（by） Bicycles are not sold in that shop . Football is not played all over the world by people. 一般疑问句： Am /Is /Are + 主语+过去分词+（by）…? Is this kind of TV sets made in Guangzhou ? Is football played all over the world by people ? 被动语态的基本用法： 需要强调动作的承受者时 The Great Wall is enjoyed by millions of people all over the world English is widely spoken in the world now. Water is needed badly by the crops here . 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时 Mr. Wang is invited to the meeting today . The problem is dealt with now . 当说话人需要强调客观时 It is said that she was a beauty when she was young . 主动语态转换不被动语态的步骤 把原主动句中的宾语转换为被动语态的主语 把动词改为被动语态形式即“be+过去分词“。 原来主动语态句子中的主语，如果需要就放在by的后面以它的宾格形式出现（因为by是介词，后面需跟宾格作介词的宾语。）以指明做事的人或物，如果没有必要，可以省略。 其它成分不变 被动语态中“by+宾语”的省略 被动语态句式中的“by+宾语”表示及物动词所表示动作的执行者，但是在遇到以下情况时，表示动作执行者“by +宾语”常常被省略。 动作执行者不确定时 Paper is made from wood . Many people are killed in traffic accidents every year . (2) 不必表明动作执行者时 English is also spoken as the second language as well as one of the official languages Football is played in most schools。 （3 ） 动作执行者为一般大众时 Both English and Spanish are spoken in this area. 一般过去时的被动语态的基本句式 肯定式：主语+ was /were +过去分词+by It was made in Beijing Ren’ai Education Institute . These computers were made in the USA ? 否定式：主语+was /were + not + 过去分词+ by She was not given a paniting by him . This question was not discussed at the meeting yesterday . 一般疑问句：Was /Were + 主语+过去分词+by ? Were these computers made in the USA ? Was it made of bamboo? 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were + 过去分词+by What was is made of