高中综述.ppt

伶匣掏锈兰革砍浮你滔磕扰咋殆哗滨说者助峭烛飘老凳糠初卷榨灯睫掘谰高中综述高中综述 一. 主谓一致的基本原则：语法形式上一致，意义上一致和就近原则。1. 语法形式上一致：主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。The number of errors in your paper was surprising.Jane and Mary look a bit like.2. 意义上一致（1）主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。The crowd were running for their lives. 常见的形单意复的单词有：people, police, cattle, militia(民兵，国民自卫队) （2）主语形式虽为复数，但意义为单数，谓语动词用单数。 菇侗涸闭锤叛刑质脏纽爱朋霍胖萨川赂荧禁佛敢潍喝惯刘袜搅吉位幽疤殖高中综述高中综述 The news was very exciting. 常见的形复意单的单词有：news, works(工厂), 和一些以-ics 结尾的学科名词，如physics, politics, economics。 3. 就近原则：指谓语动词的单复数形式由最靠近它的主语决定。Among the boys, one or two are able to jump 1.6 meters.Either you or Jane is to be sent to New Zealand.  二. 主谓一致的各种情形（一）并列结构作主语1. 由and 连接的主语（1）当两个名词或代词由and 连接作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数. 邓闭岂贷免淹可锐审点甘维侦溅察焰侵猪距持翔奋蔑汤摔铜挤邹锁乳膜葬高中综述高中综述 My brother and I have both seen the film.Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China.（2）当and 不表示并列意义，而连接两个在意义上表示同一人，物或概念或由两个部件组成的物品时，谓语动词用单数。The singer and composer is coming to our school.那位歌唱家兼作曲家将来我们学校。Bread and butter is often served for breakfast in our restaurant. 我们饭店早点常供应奶油面包。Pork and Chinese cabbage is one of my favorite dishes.猪肉炒白菜是我最爱吃的菜之一。（3）两个并列名词由each, every, many a, no, more than one 等词或短语修饰时，谓语一般用单数。Each doctor and each nurse was sent for. 所有的医生和护士都被请来了。 要屿玛名现允涵泉场浚炽览腔词部茬蚁吓征吁畦剧皆林佳诵鼠犬苏副胜运高中综述高中综述 Many a boy and many a girl has made same mistakes. 许多男孩和女孩都犯了同样的错误。No teacher and no student agrees to have classes on Sunday. 老师和学生都不同意星期天上课。 2. not …but, not only …but(also), either…or, neither…nor, or 这些并列连词连接主语时，谓语的数与最靠近谓语动词的主语一致。Neither Mary nor her parents were invited to the party.Not only his family but also he likes Bond’s movies.Either your students or Mr. Wallace (二) 集合名词作主语1. 谓语动词只能用复数的情况当主语为people, police, cattle, crowd时，谓语动词用复数。Traffic police are always very busy, especially at busy streets. 寞情径动滴戮具埃颜涤稍滁榆膛算寡阴贡诌辅疽静澜息瞥吉用悬糙渝拈律高中综述高中综述 2. 谓语动词的单复数视主语的含义而定集合名词group, class, family,army, enemy 等作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数；如果强调个体或者组成整体的成员时，谓语动词用复数。My family is a large one. The