计算机导论ch03课件.ppt

Chapter 3;;;DECIMAL AND BINARY;Figure 3-1;Decimal system;Figure 3-2;Binary system;CONVERSION;Figure 3-3;Example 1;Convert the binary number 1001.101 to decimal.;Decimal to Binary Conversion---Integer part;Decimal to binary conversion---Fraction part;Example 2;HEXADECIMAL NOTATION;A 4-bit pattern can be representedby a hexadecimal digit,and vice versa.;Table 2.2 Hexadecimal digits;Figure 2-10;Example 1;Example 2;Example 3;Example ?;Example ?;OCTAL NOTATION;A 3-bit pattern can be representedby an octal digit, and vice versa.;Table 3.3 Octal digits;Figure 2-11;Example 4;Example 5;Example 6;Example ?;Example ?;INTEGER REPRESENTATION;Figure 3-5;Figure 3-6;Table 3.1 Range of unsigned integers;Representation(表示法): 1.The number is changed to binary; 2.if the number of bits is less than N, 0s are added to the left of the binary number so that there is a total of N bits.;Example 3;Example 4;Table 3.2 Example of storing unsigned integers in two different computers;Example 5;Application: 1.Counting; 2.Addressing.; We need 1 bit to represent the sign(0 for positive, 1 for negative). The maximum positive value is one half the unsigned value. ;There are two 0s in sign-and-magnitude representation: positive and negative. In an 8-bit allocation: +0 ? -0 ?Table 3.3 Range of sign-and-magnitude integers;Representation:（表示---从真值到原码） 1.The number is changed to binary;the sign is ignored 2.if the number of bits is less than N-1, 0s are added to the left of the binary number so that there is a total of N-1 bits. 3.If the number is positive, 0 is added to the left. If the number is negative, 1 is added to the left.;In sign-and-magnitude representation, the leftmost bit defines the sign of the number. If it is 0, the number is positive.If it is 1, the number is negative. ;Example 6;Example 7;Table 3.4 Example of storing sign-and-magnitude integers  in two computers;Interpretation:(解释，翻译---从原码到真值) 1.Ignore the fir