book7 unit4 grammar概要.ppt

* Unit 4 Sharing 分享 Learning about Language zxxkw 学科网 学.科.网 限制性定语从句 定语从句是历年高考的重点之一，考点相对集中，主要有关系代词和关系副词的选用、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句以及定语从句与名词性从句和状语从句的区别等知识点。 用适当的关系词填空，并观察下列句子的结构。 1. I know you’re dying to hear all about my life here, so I’ve included some photos __________ will help you picture the places I talk about. 2. The boys ________ had never come across anything like this before started jumping out of the windows. 3. The local school __________ has only 100 students will be closed. which/that who/that which/that 4. We walked for two and a half hours to get there—first up a mountain to a ridge from ______ we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below. 5. The only possessions ____ I could see were one broom, a few tin plates and cups and a couple of jars. 结论: 以上定语从句都是限制性定语从句，限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉后_____意思往往不明确。 where that 主句 一、相关概念 1. 定语从句: 在复合句中作定语修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 2. 先行词: 被定语从句修饰的词，叫做先行词。 3. 关系词: 引导定语从句的词，叫做关系词。 zxxkw 学科网 二、关系词 定语从句的关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有who, whom, that, whose, which, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。 *Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。(who指人，作主语) *The river that/which flows through the village is very helpful to them. 这条流过村庄的小河对他们有很大的帮助。(that/which指物，作主语) *After this he is not the man that he used to be. 经过了这次事件之后他已经不是原来的他了。(that指人，作表语) *The day will come when(=on which )we’ll win the final victory. 我们取得最后胜利的日子会到来的。(when指时间，作状语) 三、用关系代词与关系副词的判断依据 *This is the factory that/which I visited last year. 这是我去年参观过的那家工厂。(visit是及物动词) *This is the factory where he used to work. 这是他以前工作过的那家工厂。(work是不及物动词) *Is this the museum (that/which) you visited a few days ago? 这就是你几天前参观的那家博物馆吗？(从句缺宾语) *Is this the museum where the exhibition was held? 这就是举办展览的那座博物馆吗？(从句缺状语) 四、关系代词that和which的用法区别 *All that he lacks is practice. 他所缺乏的只是实践。