ThePresentPerfectPassiveVoice概要.pptVIP

* The Present Perfect Passive Voice 现在完成时被动语态 Review Present perfect 现在完成时 现在完成时（have/has+vt.过去分词），其动作或情况虽然发生在过去，但它强调的是与现在的关系，用来说明现在的情况。所以不能与表示确定的过去时间状语连用，如：yesterday, two weeks ago, in 1978, when I got there 等，现在完成时常与 already ,ever, never, yet, not…yet, recently, lately 等不表示明确的时间副词连用。 Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 还可以和表示时间一直延续到目前的带since, for 状语及包括现在在内的词 连用。如:now, today, this month, this year, recently, these few days 等， 不能用现在完成时的动词，如：be, have, like, love, know, believe, hate等。 1. The new bridge over the Yellow River has just been completed. 2. Many more buildings have been built in the past ten years. 一、现在完成时的被动语态构成： have/has been + 及物动词的过去分词 表示发生在过去某个时间的动作到现在为止已经完成的某个被动的动作。例如： 1、肯定式：主语+have/has+ been + vt.过去分词 The problem has already been solved. 问题早已解决。 2、否定式：主语+have/has +not+ been + vt.过去分词 They haven’t been told the exciting news yet, have they? 他们还没有被告诉这个令人兴奋的消息，是吗？ 3、一般疑问句：have/has+主语+been+ vt.过去分词+其他？ Have this new novel been translated into english yet? 他的新小说被译成英语了吗？ 4、特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+been+ vt.过去分词+其他？ How long has the car been used? 这辆汽车用了多长时间了 1. 主语是行为动作的承受者。如： The Temple of Zhang Fei has been rebuilt. 张飞庙已经过重建。 二、现在完成时的被动语态主要用 于以下情况： 动作的执行者没有必要指出来 2. 说话时已完成的动作或出现的结果。 The door has been locked. 门已经被锁上了。 （我或别人现在进不去） 3. 动作或状态始于过去, 持续到现在, 并可能持续下去。常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于how long…?句型中。如： He has been told about it for many times. 有人告诉他这事很多次了。 （可能还会有人告诉他） 4. 用在时间和条件状语从句中, 表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。如： We’ll start as soon as the work has been finished. 工作一完成我们就立即动身。 固定搭配中的介词在被动语态中 不能省略。例如： He has thought of a way of solving the problem. =A way of solving the problem has been thought of. 三、几点注意： 2. break out/ happen/ take place/ arrive/ become/ die/disappear/appear/ fail/lie/last/ sit/stand/come true/belong to remain. etc 不及物动词没有被动语态。例如： The accident which happened yesterday surprised me. 3.