The+Great+Charte终.pptxVIP

The Great Charter(Magna Carta) Group members：于涛 贾思琪 徐瑞言 何健 李延双 汪佳丽 谢文凤 Ⅰ Background Ⅱ Contents Ⅲ Influences Ⅰ Background ●1066: Normans from France invaded, led by William the Conqueror, who soon became King William the First of England. ●Anglo-Saxons and Normans in England made the king of England become the most powerful king in Europe in 1199. Ⅰ Background ●John become the king of England . ◆He was suspected to have killed another. ◆He failed in the war with France. France occupied most lands in Norman. ◆He conflicted with Pope. Ⅰ Background ●John faced a rebellion by many of his barons, who were unhappy with his fiscal policies and his treatment of many of Englands most powerful nobles. ◆King John was forced to signed The Great Charter(Magna Carta) in 1215. Ⅱ Contents ●The Great Charter consists of a preface and 63 clauses. ●The main content is that the power of the noble and the church is not violated by the king. Many of the contents are to protect the rights and the interests of the feudal aristocracy. ●In addition, some of it protect the interests of the knight and the peasant. Ⅱ Contents Most important matters • no tax should be made without the approval of the council. • no freeman should be arrested or imprisoned except by the law of the land. • if the king attempted to free himself from law, the vassal had the right to force the king to obey it. (clause 61 say that if the king dose not keep to the charter, the twenty five barons shall seize his castles if they thought it necessary.) Ⅲ Influences ● Lord Denning described it as the greatest constitutional document of all times – the foundation of the freedom of the individual against the arbitrary authority of the despot.” Ⅲ Influences ● In the British Charter movement, the heroic struggle of the working class and the masses for universal suffrage greatly encouraged the working class of European countries. They hav