Page 342 - The p-value approach to hypothesis testing (Two课件.ppt

Page 342 - The p-value approach to hypothesis testing: (Two-tailed tests);Cereal box filling example: Ho = 368, ? = 15. n = 25, X-bar = 372.5, ? =.05, two tailed error Traditional hypothesis testing critical value ? ? 1.96 Z = (Xbar - ?)/(?/n?) = +1.50 -1.96 +1.50 +1.96. Fail to reject Ho. There is no evidence that the mean is different from the hypothesized value. p-value approach to hypothesis testing p342 Compute the probability of obtaining a Z value greater than +1.50 along with the probability of obtaining a Z value less than -1.50. Above +1.50 is .5000 -.4332=.0668. Standard normal distribution is symmetric, p = .0668+.0668=.1336. The probability of obtaining a result equal to or more extreme than the one observed is .1336. (p-value =.1336) ? (? = .05) p-value ? ?, Barely fail to reject Ho. P342 343 10 steps - p-value approach #11 Draw a picture.;Page 345 Confidence intervals estimation verse hypothesis testing;E7.3 p343 Hypothesis test steps;Book example p343. Is the population mean weight of cereal per box different from at 368 grams? 1) Ho: ? = 368 grams 2) H1: ? ? 368 grams 3) ? = .05 4) n = 25 5) ? = 15 grams, so ? is known, use Z-test, normal distribution. 6) Collect data and calculate test statistic X-bar = 372.5 grams. e7.1, p340 Z = (Xbar - ?)/(?/n?) = +1.50 7) Calculate the p-value Phstat | One-Sample Tests | Z test for the mean, ? known Null Hypothesis ?= 368 Level of Significance = .05 Population Standard Deviation = 15 Sample Size = 25 Sample Mean = 372.5 Two Tailed Test Output results p-Value = .1336 8) p-Value = .1336 ? = .05 9) Barely fail to reject Ho. Borderline situation. There is no evidence that the mean is significantly different from the hypothesized value. 10) Do not fix the machine. We have no evidence that the population mean is significantly different from 368 grams. 11) Picture, f7.4 p343 Homework 7.30, 7.26, Solutions on the web site.;7.3 One-tailed tests;p-value for one ta