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PLANT BREEDING 03课件
CHAPTER 3
MODES OF REPRODUCTION AND PLANT BREEDING
植物繁殖方式与育种;Chapter 3 Modes of Reproduction and Plant Breeding 植物的繁殖方式与育种;Process of reproduction
In Plants
(Double fertilization);Asexual Reproduction
(1) Vegetative Reproduction 营养繁殖
Root, stem, leaves, tuber,……
(2) Apomixis 无融合生殖
Haploid gametophyte apomixis (单倍配子体)
Diploid gametophyte apomixis (二倍体配子)
Adventitious embryo (不定胚)
;3. Determination of Mode of Reproduction
品植物授粉方式的确定
1) Study the floral structure 研究花器结构
2) Artificial selfing 人工自交
3) Genetic testing of rate of out-crossing 异交率测定
Rate = (F1显性性状植株数/F1总植株数)× 100%
4)Division of reproduction modes based on the rate of out-crossing 不同繁殖方式的异交率;Modes of Pollination: Percentage of out-crossing
(1) Self-pollinated plants 1-4%
(2) Cross-pollinated plants 51%
(3) Often cross-pollinated plants 5-50%;Reproduction Modes in Major Crops
Self-pollinated crops (rice, wheat, soybean, pea)
Cross-pollinated crops (cotton, rape, sorghum)
Often cross-pollinated crops (maize, herm, sunflower)
Vegetatively Propagated Crops (sweet potato, potato, sugarcane, garlic);炙沛琼梆顾恬财搏挖蛛巩肢腺狭厩淑碑讳盂侣逮皖譬靖钡心厩令蒙贮稗妙PLANT BREEDING 03课件PLANT BREEDING 03课件;Self-pollinated plants
(Rice)
Special genetic characteristics
Genetically pure line or mixture of pure lines
Little inbreeding depression
Breeding Methods
Selection breeding
Hybridization
Heterosis
Easy seed production ;Cross-pollinated plants (maize, Rye, Herm)
Special genetic characteristics
Heterogeneous population
Heterozygous plants
Big Inbreeding depression
Breeding Methods
Heterosis (Inbred-line hybrids)
Seed Multiplication Isolated ;Often Cross pollinated plants (Brassica napus)
Special genetic characteristics: Basically as pure lines
Breeding Methods: As in selfing Crops ;;;;; (3) Breeding for Population cul
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