Vicori的anPoetry学习指导.docVIP

Victorian Poetry the longest reigning monarch in UK history Victorian Period 1832—1901 England was a typical capitalist country. Policies of colonial expansion, the highest point as a world power. Sharp contradictions 1836 Chartist Movement with socialist and revolutionary character after 1840, and for the first time people were class-conscious in their opposition to the bourgeoisie. Invention and progress: the building of railroads, communication by telephone, telegraph, the wireless, the beginning of automobile and transportation by air, application of machinery, steam, electricity in industry, photography. However, no improvement in the sordid industrial slavery of men, women, and children. 2. Chartist Movement Time: 1832---1848 The English workers got themselves organized in big cities and brought forth the Peoples charter, in which they demanded basic rights, better living and working conditions. They for three times, made appeals to the government, with hundreds of thousands of peoples signatures. The movement swept over most of the cities in the country. Although the movement declined to an end in 1848, it did bring some improvement to the welfare of the working class. This was the first mass movement of the English working class and the early sign of the awakening of the poor, oppressed people. 6 Points: Universal Suffrage Vote by Ballot Annually Elected Parliament Abolition of the Property Qualification Equal electoral Districts Payment for Members of Parliament （1）凡年满21岁，精神健全的男子（目前因犯罪而坐牢者除外），都有选举权。 （2）无记名秘密投票，以保障选民可充分地自由 运用其投票权。 （3）议会每年改选一次。 （4）议会议员不应有财产资格的限制，以便使各 选区得以选举他们最爱戴的人。 （5）平均分配选举区。按照各地区选民的人数分 配代表名额。 （6）议员应支付薪金，以便使当选议员的人能离开原来的职务，用全部精力为国家利益务。 Development of poetry “Beowulf” 1. Anglo-Saxon literature Caedmon Cynewulf 2. Anglo-French Literat