抽象和具体翻译课件.ppt

From Concrete to Abstract or Vice Versa具体和抽象译法;抽象性词语、形象性词语 形象与抽象是两个相互对立、相互依存的概念，翻译时，既可保留其原有个性，也可使其相互转化。一般说来，表范畴的抽象词无须译出。 1) 他善于做信访工作。 He is experienced in handling letters and visits from the mass. 2)??他已完成了这项工作。 He has finished the job. ; 同一形象表达相同的涵义，可直译. 树缝里也漏着一两点路灯光，没精打采的，是瞌睡人的眼。 Through the branches are a couple of lamps, as listless as sleepy eyes. 若喻义不同，只好放弃原文形象，只译其喻义. 我不贪图下海挣大钱，只想毕业后在中学里找个铁饭碗。 I don’t want to earn good money by engaging myself in trade, I just want to find upon graduation a secured job in a middle school.; 在不违反译语规范和不影响读者理解的前提下，尽量保留原有形象，稍加变通，增加一些简单的??明性文字。 当下磕头如捣蒜，只求饶命。 Kowtow as quickly as a pestle pounding garlic, he begged that his life be spared. ;;抽象译法一方面把比喻形象上较为具体的单词词组或成语进行抽象概括，如： 开门见山→come straight to the point 狗急跳墙→do something desperate 另一方面，抽象译法也包括带有范畴词的具体化名词在语言形式上的抽象化译法，主要是在翻译过程中去掉后面的范畴词，如： 谦虚态度→modesty 发展过程→development 无知的表现→innocence ;;;;具体译法主要包括三种类型： 1.语义上具体化。 eg：运输→运输工具。班级→全班学生 2.抽象名词在语言形式上的具体化手法，主要是在抽象名词后面加上范畴词。 eg：蒸发作用，傲慢态度，转换过程 3.抽象名词在比喻形象上的具体化手法。 eg：非常胆小→胆小如鼠 姑息坏人→warm snakes in our bosoms 分清好坏→separate sheep from goats;;;;会谈中,双方集中讨论了保护知识产权方面的问题。 During the talks, their discussion has been centered round protection of intellectual property rights. 他们的乐观主义精神令我们大为感动。 Their optimism moved us greatly. ?会上，两方发生争执，一方拂袖而去。 The two parties fell into fierce dispute. At last one party got up abruptly and walked off in a huff.;你告不赢他的,县里当官的和他同穿一条裤子 You won’t win the lawsuit against him. Officials in the county are hand in glove with him. 他的话把我打入闷葫芦(calabash)里了 His words threw me into bewilderment. 才有了一点进步,他就翘兔子尾巴了。 ?With some progress, he became cocky. ;;;;他每天要处理许多棘手的问题。 He has many hot potatoes to handle everyday. 我不敢肯定我能赢得这个荣誉，这还是未到手的东西。 I am not sure whether I can win the honor; It’s a bird in the bush. 你不要过早乐观，真正的困难还在后头呢。 Don’t count your chickens before they are hatched. The real difficulties still lay ahead. ;我们决不能姑息坏人。 We should never warm snakes in our bosoms. 我不想依靠父母过日子。 I don’t w