3血液 生理（3 blood physiology）.docVIP

3血液 生理（3 blood physiology） The third chapter of blood One of the basic requirements. Master: 1. physiological hemostatic function; 2. hematocrit; 3. blood coagulation, anticoagulation and fibrinolysis, blood coagulation factor; 4. the hemostatic function of platelets; platelet aggregation; Familiar with: 1. blood and homeostasis, output, composition and properties of blood, blood proportion; The suspension stability of 2. red blood cells, blood viscosity, plasma osmotic pressure; Understand: 1. red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets of normal value and function; 2. principles of blood transfusion. Two basic concepts. The hematocrit (hematocrit), crystal osmotic pressure (crystal osmotic pressure), colloid osmotic pressure (colloid osmotic pressure), isotonic solution (isotonic solution), red blood cell suspension stability (suspension stability), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (erythrocyte sedimentation, rate, ESR), rouleaux (rouleaux, formation) plastic deformation of (plastic, deformation) (osmotic fragility), osmotic fragility of chemotaxis (chemotaxis), hemostasis and blood coagulation (hemostasis) (blood coagulation), serum (serum) Three. Key points and difficulties Composition and physicochemical characteristics of the first day of the blood Composition of the blood 1. Volume 7% of the body weight to 8%, consisting of blood cells and plasma. Including red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets of blood cells; plasma by inorganic salt, protein and water. The volume percentage of blood cells in the blood called for hematocrit (hematocrit), and 99% for red blood cells in cells, it is often referred to as hematocrit. The adult male is 40% ~ 50%, 37% ~ 48% for adult females, the newborn is about 55%. But there is little difference in all kinds of vessels in numerical systemic hematocrit. 2. plasma osmotic pressure Plasma osmotic pressure is mainly plasma crystal osmotic pressure (770 kPa, the total osmotic pressure above 99%), composed of NaCl, KCl