编码器的工作原理介绍（The working principle of the encoder）.docVIP

编码器的工作原理介绍（The working principle of the encoder） The working principle of the encoder The working principle of a photoelectric encoder The photoelectric encoder is a sensor through the photoelectric conversion of mechanical geometric displacement on the output shaft is converted to pulse or digital quantity. This is. The most widely used sensor, photoelectric encoder is composed of grating disc and photoelectric detection device. Grating disc is divided equally in a certain diameter circular plate The opening of a plurality of rectangular holes. The photoelectric encoder is coaxial with the electric motor, when the motor rotates, the grating disc and the motor rotate at the same speed, the The detection device of optical diodes and other electronic components of the detection number of output pulse signal, the principle diagram as shown in Figure 1 by calculating the second light; The number of electric encoder output pulse can reflect the current motor speed. In addition, to determine the direction of rotation, the encoder can also provide phase difference Two pulse signal 90o. According to the detection principle, the encoder can be divided into optical, magnetic, inductive and capacitive. According to the calibration method and signal output form, can be divided into For the incremental, absolute type and hybrid three. (a) incremental encoder Incremental encoder is the direct use of the photoelectric conversion principle of square wave pulse output three groups of A, B and Z; A, B two groups of pulse phase difference can be 90o. Determine the direction of rotation conveniently, and Z phase for each turn of a pulse, for locating reference point. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure principle, mechanical average Life can be in the tens of thousands of hours or more, strong anti-interference ability, high reliability, suitable for long distance transmission. The drawback is the rotation of the output shaft is vast The location information. (two)