北斗简述（The Big Dipper）.doc

北斗简述（The Big Dipper） Navigation system In the field of satellite navigation technology, the United States GPS and Europes Galileo system has 30 satellites. As a global satellite positioning and communication system developed by our country, the Beidou satellite navigation system is the third mature satellite navigation system after the United States global positioning system and Russia GLONASS. The system consists of three parts: the space end, the ground end and the user end. The space end consists of 5 geostationary satellites and 30 non geostationary satellites. Now, China has sent 16 navigation satellites and 4 experimental satellites into space, and in the next 10 years, 40 satellites will be added to the system. The user terminal by the Beidou user terminal and with the American GPS, the Russian GLONASS (GLONASS), the European Union Galileo (GALILEO) terminal compatible with other satellite navigation system. [1] 1. Coverage: Beidou navigation system is a regional navigation system covering mainland china. Coverage of longitude about 70 degrees, 140 degrees, 5 degrees north latitude, 55 degrees. GPS is an all-weather navigation system that covers the whole world. It can ensure that 6-9 satellites can be observed at any time and anywhere on earth (in fact, 11 can be observed at most). 2, the number of satellites and orbital characteristics: Beidou navigation system is a set of 2 geostationary satellites in Earths equatorial plane on the equatorial angular distance is about 60 degrees. GPS is a set of 24 satellites in 6 orbital planes, equatorial orbit at an angle of 55 degrees, 60 degrees angle equatorial orbit plane. The satellite is a quasi synchronous orbit. It orbits the earth 11 hours and 58 minutes. 3, positioning principle: Beidou navigation system is active two-way ranging, two-dimensional navigation. The ground central control system is solved for the user to locate data. GPS is passive pseudo code, one way ranging, three dimensional navigation. The 3D