砂土液化（Sand liquefaction）.docVIP

砂土液化（Sand liquefaction） With the rapid development of the modernization process, pine sand land has been gradually applied by mankind. Loose sand geology is a kind of common engineering geology. It is widely distributed in the north and northwest of China. Now, the soil erosion is serious. In our province, loose sand geology has also increased, with the population increasing, land utilization rate increases, the land utilization rate is also significantly increased in the area of loose sand, loose sand foundation construction of sluice, bridges, houses or canal road cutting etc. has become a common phenomenon, a careful study by the earthquake, in the sand water saturated state explosion or other forces in the construction process, and the possibility of liquefaction of the whole building collapse. I. Analysis of the causes of sand liquefaction Sand liquefaction phenomenon, has been described as early as Meng Xi Bi Tan in recent decades, many scholars have studied this problem, but the mechanism has not been completely elucidated, think there is a lot of differences, the method is also a lack of correct identification of liquefaction phenomenon. When the sand is subjected to vibration, it changes as a result of the stress state, thus producing compaction. The compaction process of saturated sand can be divided into two stages. Vibration first causes the sand to gradually separate from each other and become particles suspended in water. In this stage, the pressure of the sand is gradually transferred from the sand matrix to the water, and finally the pore water pressure reaches a maximum value. At this time, as the effective stress of the sand matrix decreases sharply and the shear strength of the sand decreases a lot, the sand may begin to flow like a liquid. If all the pressure changes to pore water pressure, the shear strength of sand will be zero. The sand will flow along with the water. We say that the sand has been completely liquefied at this time, or that the