中小城市垃圾焚烧锅炉控制系统设计.docVIP

中小城市垃圾焚烧锅炉控制系统设计摘要：据统计，目前我国每年生活产生的垃圾约为2亿吨，这些垃圾含有大量病菌、病毒和寄生虫等传染性病原体，而这些垃圾中只有7%为焚烧，90%为填埋，这样不仅需要大量的土地，也给以后带来不少的隐患，若管理不严或处置不当，极易成为传播病菌的源头，造成病毒感染，对环境和人民生命健康带来严重危害。 世界上发达国家如欧美、日本各国等，对垃圾的处理主要采用集中焚烧处理方法。焚烧既可以高温灭菌消毒，又可以实现废物无害化、减量化、资源化，而且焚烧残渣性能稳定，便于处置。 由于垃圾中燃烧的热值不高，所以通常情况下都需要加入煤炭才能正常保证锅炉内部的燃烧，此外，影响系统运行的密封性、连续性等技术问题未能很好地得以解决，操作人员多暴露在危险性的环境之中。所以只有使用自动控制系统才能减少操作人员的危险性。 流化床炉燃烧技术是上世纪六十年代初得到迅速发展起来的一种新型清洁燃烧技术。采用该技术的焚烧炉的基本特征在于在炉膛下部布置有耐温的布风板，板上装有载热的惰性颗粒，通过床下布风，使惰性颗粒呈沸腾状，形成流化床段，在流化床段上方设有足够高的燃烬段（即悬浮段）。 关键词：垃圾 ，焚烧 ，流化床炉燃烧技术 ，控制体统 中图分类号： TM921.5文献标识码：A文章编号： Abstract: according to the statistics, at present our country every year the waste generated in the life is about 200 million tons, the rubbish contains a lot of bacteria, viruses and parasites infectious pathogens, and only 7% of the rubbish for burning, 90% for the landfill, such not only need a large number of land, also give a lot of the hidden trouble of the future, if management is lax or improper disposal, become the source of the bacteria spread extremely easily, cause the virus infection, on the environment and bring serious harm to people’s life and health. The world developed countries such as Europe, America, Japan countries, etc, to waste handling mainly USES the centralized burning process. Burning can high temperature sterilization disinfection, and can realize harmless and waste reduction and recycling, and burning scraps stable performance, easy to disposal. Because the calorific value of the burning garbage is not high, so generally need to join to ensure the normal coal internal combustion, in addition, the influence of the system operation sealing, continuity and some other technical problems not been settled, the operator more exposed to the risk of environment. So only using automatic control system can reduce the risk of operating personnel. Fluidized bed furnace combustion technology is the 1960 s rapidly developed a kind of new type clean burning technology. Using the technology o