基于复杂网络理论的电力系统连锁故障分析.docVIP

摘　　要 随着全球经济的不断发展。电力系统的规模变得越来越大，电网的互联成为电网发展的重要趋势。电网的互联使电力系统的规模越来越大，这提高了电力系统运行效率但同时也增加了电力系统的复杂性。 当电网发生局部故障时，故障会迅速传播所波及的范围更广，损失更加严重。连锁故障是引发大停电事故的重要原因，最近大停电事故频发引起了国内外学者的广泛关注。复杂网络理论的兴起为人们研究连锁故障问题提供了一种新的思路，与传统的方法相比能从整体上分析系统的特性，揭示连锁故障传播的内在机理。 本文基于复杂网络理论对大规模电网的连锁故障进行研究，首先建立电网的复杂网络模型，通过对系统中薄弱环节的识别，然后进行连锁故障的仿真。文章先对复杂网络中的经典模型及网络的特征参数做简要的介绍，并且详细研究了本文所应用的电网无向加权模型，根据实际电网的拓扑特性及电气性质建立电网的复杂网络模型，进而分析电网的复杂性和故障的内在起因。 本文综合了线路电抗与线路容量提出容量介数指标，给出脆弱线路辨识算法，采用线路容量介数指标来辨识电网的脆弱线路，通过对IEEE39节点系统算例的计算仿真并与以往传统拓扑介数法进行对比，验证了本文方法的有效性。 本文在原有节点动态模型基础上提出线路动态模型作为连锁故障仿真模型，通过网络效能下降百分比来衡量故障对电网输电能力的影响。应用两种故障模式模拟分析电网自身和外部因素对电网连锁故障的影响，并给出详细算法流程，采用IEEE57和IEEE118节点系统算例进行连锁故障仿真，验证了方法的有效性，根据故障仿真结果，本文还分析了大电网发生连锁故障机理并提出相应的故障缓和策略。 关键词：复杂网络；线路介数；脆弱线路；线路动态模型；连锁故障Abstract With the rapid development of global economy, the size of power grid becomes more and more large , grid interconnection becomes a large scale power system. The interconnection of power grid could improve the efficiency of system but also increase the complexity of power grid, which leads to the wider spread and more serious loss after failure. The frequent occurrence of blackouts arouses the attention of the experts and scholars at home and abroad who care about the problems on cascading failure. The traditional analysis method cant reveal the whole characteristics of system. The development of complex network theory provides a new perspective for the study of cascading failure, and theory of the whole analysis method can analyze the global nature of the cascading failure. The large scale grid cascading failures is studied base on the theory of complex network in this paper. Firstly establish a complex network model of the power grid, through the identification of weak lines in the system, then simulat the cascading failures. The classic model of complex network and complex network parameters often used in power system were introduced, complex network model applied in this paper was studied in detail and the complexity of the power system was analyzed.