菊花品种间过氧化物酶酯酶同工酶的遗传多样性分析.DOCVIP

菊花品种间过氧化物酶、酯酶同工酶的遗传多样性分析 丁 玲，陈发棣，滕年军，房伟民 （南京农业大学园艺学院，南京210095） 摘要：【目的】揭示不同类型栽培菊花品种间的遗传多样性，为栽培菊花品种分类、品种鉴定和保护提供生化依据。【方法】采用过氧化物酶（POD）、酯酶（EST）2个酶系统的12个同工酶位点，对栽培菊进行同工酶遗传多样性分析。【结果】（1）栽培菊花品种间的遗传变异很丰富，93个品种平均有效等位基因数（A）、多态位点比率（P）、观察杂合度（Ho）分别为1.5699、43.23%、0.5699。其中遗传多样性最高的是‘紫宫翎管’，其有效等位基因数（A）、多态位点比率（P）、观察杂合度（Ho）分别是1.8889、66.67％、0.8889；遗传多样性最低的是‘粉紫管’、‘粉管托桂’和‘丰收’，3个指标分别是1.3000、25.00％、0.3000。（2）基于品种间遗传距离的UPGMA聚类图将栽培菊花品种按花径聚类，体现了栽培菊花品种花径的遗传分化特征，托桂品种独立成组。另外，A、P、Ho3个指标完全相同的大菊品种有70.37％聚在一起，小菊品种有87.18％聚在一起。（3）‘染水金涛’、‘风珠秋意’、‘金陵之光’、‘金陵春色’具有品种特异的同工酶谱POD－3的F带，可以从生化水平为菊花品种鉴定和保护提供生化证据。【结论】菊花品种间POD和EST的遗传变异丰富；属于同一花径类型品种的遗传多样性较为一致，其中平瓣与匙瓣的遗传变异相近；瓣型和花色与POD和EST没有直接相关性。 关键词：菊花；过氧化物酶POD；酯酶EST；遗传多样性；品种保护 Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Cultivars in Dendranthema ( grandiflorum Based on POD and SOD Isozyme DING Ling, CHEN Fa-di, TENG Nian-jun, FANG Wei-min (Horticulture College, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095) Abstract: 【Objective】The genetic diversity of 93 cultivars in Dendranthema grandiflorum was studied to find some clues for classifying, identifying and protecting of the cultivars.【Method】The genetic diversity of 93 cultivars in D. ( grandiflorum was investigated using peroxidase isozyme (POD) and esterase isozyme (EST), and 12 loci were obtained. 【Result】 The genetic variation of cultivars in D. ( grandiflorum was quite rich. The average of the effective number of alleles per locus (A), percentage of polymorphic loci (P) and heterozygosity (Ho) among all the cultivars were 1.5699, 43.23% and 0.5699, respectively. ‘Zigonglingguan’ was the most genetically varied cultivar, A, P and Ho were 1.8889, 66.67% and 0.8889, respectively, while ‘Fenziguan’, ‘Fenguantuogui’ and ‘Fengshou’ showed the lowest genetic variation, the A, P and Ho were 1.3000, 25.00%, 0.3000, respectively. The UPGMA analysis showed that cultivars were clustered into different clades which is in coincidence with flower diameter, it revealed the evolution characteristics of flower diameter in chrysanthemum. Bri