公私部門知識管理模式之比較.doc

《人文與社會》學報第一卷第七期 二○○五年十二月 頁23-44 義守大學通識教育中心 公私部門知識管理模式之比較 吳岱儒 正修科技大學 臺灣 摘 要 經濟合作暨開發組織(organization for economic cooperation and development, OECD)依照知識管理(Knowledge Management) 程度將會員國區分為高中低國家，因此知識管理將成為成為各國政府未來五年內優先執行的管理議題。由於政府部門若能成功推動政府知識管理，將有助於提升國家競爭力。本研究首先透過文獻整理出：(1)5個推動政府知識管理關鍵成功因素，包括組織文化因素、策略領導因素、員工訓練因素、科技資源因素、成效評估因素；(2)4種政府知識管理行為，包括知識蓄積與知識選取行為、知識分享行為、知識創新行為，並以此作為研究架構，發展研究問卷，針對正修就讀的企業人士與台北與高雄兩市之主計機構進行問卷調查與分析。 透過獨立樣本T檢定分析問卷資料發現，公部門較重視的知識管理促進因子的建立激勵機制與職務輪調，而私部門較重視組織文化與成效評估之環境塑造，進而強調知識分享與知識創造行為。 s Wu, Tai-Zu Cheng-Shiu University Taiwan Abstract Knowledge management (KM) ranks high on the management agenda of a good majority of government organizations across OECD member countries. If a government promotes KM successfully, it might enhance its national competitiveness. Our research examined relevant KM literature and identified five critical factors of government KM, i.e. the cultural basis of KM; strategy and leadership of KM; employee job training of KM; available resources of information technology for KM; and the need for a clear standardized system to evaluate KM. It also identified four major KM behaviors, i.e., knowledge retention, knowledge selection, knowledge sharing, and knowledge creation. Accordingly, we conducted a survey based on a questionnaire to assess these key factors and behaviors when implementing KM programs between the private and the public sector. The first subjects were business men studying at Cheng-Shiu University; the latter were Taipei and Kaohsiung city government accounting officials. The result of our analysis demonstrates that the public sector puts more stress on motivation incentives and job rotation, whereas the private sector rather emphasizes culture-shaping and performance-based qualifications for their employees; in addition, the private sector stresses KM sharing and KM creative behavior. KEY WORDS: Knowledge Management, Public Sector, Private Sector 原調查部分資料「探討政府知識管理關鍵因素」,曾發表於2004年創新與管理研討會。 24 23 25 《人文與社會》學報第一卷第